What is Diabetes "Dawn Phenomenon" and "emotionally upset phenomenon?" How does it happen? Below for your answer it.
Diabetes "Dawn Phenomenon" Changbiaoxianwei patient self-test before breakfast hyperglycemia and elevated fasting blood glucose, especially in blood glucose after meals increased by any drug treatment are difficult to control, this unusual clinical phenomenon that the "Dawn phenomenon ", also known as" high to high. " Its causes, the main body is insufficient insulin secretion and insulin antagonistic hormone secretion and insulin resistance itself generate the. This type is a Chinese Qi and Yin deficiency type. Governing Law: The Yiqiyangyin based.
Diabetes "emotionally upset phenomenon" the performance of the evening or early morning multi-dizziness, palpitation, nausea and fatigue. Self-test blood glucose at night reduced, but before breakfast fasting blood glucose increased, after adjustment is still difficult to control after treatment. This strange phenomenon is clinically mean by "emotionally upset phenomenon", also known as "low to high." The reason it occurs, mainly due to oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin Yong excessive, causing night 低 blood sugar response, the body in order to protect themselves, through the feedback regulatory mechanism to make the hormone with elevated blood sugar Zuoyong (such as blood hormone pancreatic l , growth hormone, corticosterone, etc.) secretion, so that the morning increase in blood sugar reaction appears to occur "emotionally upset phenomenon." This type is Yin deficiency heat type. Governing Law: appropriate clearing away heat, moistening thirst rule.
In short, the "dawn phenomenon" and "emotionally upset phenomenon", there is a blood glucose of patients lost body steady-state performance. Speaking for the patient, have a greater harm, must be early detection, timely treatment.
Friday, May 14, 2010
Postprandial blood glucose than fasting blood glucose why lower?
Diabetes blood sugar, especially after eating is often significant hyperglycemia. But in some cases found in the monitoring of blood glucose, sometimes 2-hour postprandial blood sugar lower than fasting blood glucose, which is Why? The basis of my clinical experience of many years, the reasons for this phenomenon may have the following three aspects:
Excessive insulin secretion and peak delay
Under normal circumstances, the people will rise after eating sugar, about 30 to 60 minutes to reach peak blood glucose decreased, plasma insulin level is increased to 30 to 60 minutes peak, based on the value of 5 to 10 times, then down, 3 ~ 4 hours and returned to basal levels. Thus, despite normal blood glucose rise after meals, but fluctuations in a certain range. Type 2 diabetes, there may be too much insulin (hyperinsulinemia) and peak latency, maintained at a high concentration of insulin and can not return to baseline levels, which occur in the postprandial blood sugar low, or low blood sugar.
Inadequate diet and excessive exercise intensity meal
Diabetes diet and exercise are two important basic measures, strict diet control and proper exercise will help reduce weight and improve high blood sugar and reduce hypoglycemic drugs. But diet programs should be strict and long-term implementation, movement should be the law. Such as inadequate diet or exercise intensity is too large meal, postprandial blood glucose may occur in patients with low or even low blood sugar reactions.
Drugs
Antidiabetic drugs overdose, and diet do not match, or by applying enhanced hypoglycemic hypoglycemic drugs and other drugs may also lead to significantly lower postprandial blood glucose.
Experts Return Weapon: in case of 2-hour postprandial blood glucose below fasting blood glucose, it can first increase the monitoring frequency, such as test meal plus 1 hour, 3 hour glucose, recorded good data, easy to find changes of blood glucose. Then consult a doctor, a common analysis and find out the reasons, if necessary, adjust diet, exercise and medication.
Excessive insulin secretion and peak delay
Under normal circumstances, the people will rise after eating sugar, about 30 to 60 minutes to reach peak blood glucose decreased, plasma insulin level is increased to 30 to 60 minutes peak, based on the value of 5 to 10 times, then down, 3 ~ 4 hours and returned to basal levels. Thus, despite normal blood glucose rise after meals, but fluctuations in a certain range. Type 2 diabetes, there may be too much insulin (hyperinsulinemia) and peak latency, maintained at a high concentration of insulin and can not return to baseline levels, which occur in the postprandial blood sugar low, or low blood sugar.
Inadequate diet and excessive exercise intensity meal
Diabetes diet and exercise are two important basic measures, strict diet control and proper exercise will help reduce weight and improve high blood sugar and reduce hypoglycemic drugs. But diet programs should be strict and long-term implementation, movement should be the law. Such as inadequate diet or exercise intensity is too large meal, postprandial blood glucose may occur in patients with low or even low blood sugar reactions.
Drugs
Antidiabetic drugs overdose, and diet do not match, or by applying enhanced hypoglycemic hypoglycemic drugs and other drugs may also lead to significantly lower postprandial blood glucose.
Experts Return Weapon: in case of 2-hour postprandial blood glucose below fasting blood glucose, it can first increase the monitoring frequency, such as test meal plus 1 hour, 3 hour glucose, recorded good data, easy to find changes of blood glucose. Then consult a doctor, a common analysis and find out the reasons, if necessary, adjust diet, exercise and medication.
Know of non-diabetic hypoglycemia
For most diabetic patients, is no stranger to low blood sugar. Distinguish between diabetic and non diabetic low blood sugar is important because the two processing methods, such as diabetes, hypoglycemia mistake when non-diabetic hypoglycemia treatment, the consequences would be disastrous, and vice versa. So, how should screening here? In general, the former first presence of diabetes, and have low blood sugar caused by causal relations; the latter's situation is different, different characteristics. Now non-diabetic causes and characteristics of low blood sugar are summarized below, for the treatment of diabetes, low blood sugar when the differential reference.
Islet B cell tumors can secrete large quantities of insulin, it can cause severe low blood sugar reactions. Its features are: eating or exercise, often cause low blood sugar attack; fasting blood glucose often 2.8mmol / L the following; in good health condition disease; no history of diabetes; surgical treatment that can cure; mostly occurs in children.
Pancreatic tumor (so far, no reports of this disease, only theoretically) of spontaneous hypoglycemia can be seen in pancreatic tumors, particularly in the chest and abdominal tumors, these tumors most significant volume. Low blood sugar may be due to insulin-like substances cause cancer; or these substances to endogenous insulin over-sensitive; or because of excessive glucose consumption of large tumors. Surgical excision, hypoglycemia may disappear.
Functional disorder mainly seen in the blood sugar is too low in patients with autonomic instability, such as the vagus nerve in patients with excessive excitability, resulting in excessive secretion of insulin islet B cells, which led to spontaneous hypoglycemia. Its characteristics are: eating high-carbohydrate diet are prone to cause low blood sugar attacks; often in water 2 to 4 hours after the attack, blood glucose value is not less than 2.2mmol / L; blood glucose levels and symptoms are inconsistent, sometimes asymptomatic low blood glucose levels, on the contrary, symptoms but normal blood glucose; use oral sedatives or anticholinergic drugs may be an excellent outcome.
Chronic adrenal hypofunction (Addison disease) is about half of the patients of this disease can be symptoms of hypoglycemia, mostly occurs in fasting in the morning, before eating or 1 to 2 hours after meals. Its characteristics are: blood glucose 3.3mmol / L or so symptoms can be significant; the pigmentation of skin and mucous membranes, fatigue, weight loss and low blood pressure; loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting; low blood pressure, sexual dysfunction (male impotence, female amenorrhea, etc.).
Litchi Litchi disease can be a lot of hypoglycemia, because litchi contains large amounts of acid, acid Xishouruxue via the gastrointestinal tract, will be required by the transformation of the liver enzyme (aldolase) to fructose into glucose, can be used by the body. If the excessive ingestion of lychee, there will be too much acid into the blood, "transform" the conversion of enzyme acid will short supply. In this case, large amounts of fructose in the blood is full of transforming the human body can not be used for glucose. At the same time, excessive consumption of lychees affect appetite, the body can not be a nutritional supplement, resulting in shortage of human blood glucose, so hypoglycemic reaction. Such low blood sugar and diabetes low blood sugar difference, primarily the former has a large number of fresh lychee history.
Suffering from serious liver disease liver disease low blood sugar such as liver cancer, cirrhosis of advanced, severe hepatitis, it can hypoglycemia, this is because the liver cells of glycogen synthesis, storage and decomposition by the barrier's sake; In addition, the liver enzyme system congenital defects, such as glycogen storage disease (von Gierke disease), because the liver releases glucose often difficult to hypoglycemia. Identification is the reaction time of hypoglycemia, patients with severe liver disease original.
Drug-induced hypoglycemia in long-term service willow salt, anti-tissue amine, propranolol, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, Phenylbutazone, sodium on ammonia Yang, isoniazid and acetaminophen (paracetamol) and other drugs, even to cause low blood sugar. Low blood sugar such identification is a service history of these drugs.
If too much glucose or loss of use of breast-feeding women, strenuous exercise or prolonged heavy physical labor, use of too much blood sugar can cause low blood sugar; when suffering from severe diarrhea, high fever, severe hyperthyroidism, because of excessive loss of blood sugar consumption , also can cause hypoglycemia. Above, after hypoglycemia, diabetes, low blood sugar should be differential.
Inadequate food intake, such as old and feeble, suffering from severe chronic disease, cancer chemotherapy-induced loss of appetite, reflux ulcer scar caused by inflammation caused by swallowing difficulties, mental illness, teenage weight loss caused by excessive mental anorexia and so on, can lack of long-term food intake, while the hypoglycemic response.
Islet B cell tumors can secrete large quantities of insulin, it can cause severe low blood sugar reactions. Its features are: eating or exercise, often cause low blood sugar attack; fasting blood glucose often 2.8mmol / L the following; in good health condition disease; no history of diabetes; surgical treatment that can cure; mostly occurs in children.
Pancreatic tumor (so far, no reports of this disease, only theoretically) of spontaneous hypoglycemia can be seen in pancreatic tumors, particularly in the chest and abdominal tumors, these tumors most significant volume. Low blood sugar may be due to insulin-like substances cause cancer; or these substances to endogenous insulin over-sensitive; or because of excessive glucose consumption of large tumors. Surgical excision, hypoglycemia may disappear.
Functional disorder mainly seen in the blood sugar is too low in patients with autonomic instability, such as the vagus nerve in patients with excessive excitability, resulting in excessive secretion of insulin islet B cells, which led to spontaneous hypoglycemia. Its characteristics are: eating high-carbohydrate diet are prone to cause low blood sugar attacks; often in water 2 to 4 hours after the attack, blood glucose value is not less than 2.2mmol / L; blood glucose levels and symptoms are inconsistent, sometimes asymptomatic low blood glucose levels, on the contrary, symptoms but normal blood glucose; use oral sedatives or anticholinergic drugs may be an excellent outcome.
Chronic adrenal hypofunction (Addison disease) is about half of the patients of this disease can be symptoms of hypoglycemia, mostly occurs in fasting in the morning, before eating or 1 to 2 hours after meals. Its characteristics are: blood glucose 3.3mmol / L or so symptoms can be significant; the pigmentation of skin and mucous membranes, fatigue, weight loss and low blood pressure; loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting; low blood pressure, sexual dysfunction (male impotence, female amenorrhea, etc.).
Litchi Litchi disease can be a lot of hypoglycemia, because litchi contains large amounts of acid, acid Xishouruxue via the gastrointestinal tract, will be required by the transformation of the liver enzyme (aldolase) to fructose into glucose, can be used by the body. If the excessive ingestion of lychee, there will be too much acid into the blood, "transform" the conversion of enzyme acid will short supply. In this case, large amounts of fructose in the blood is full of transforming the human body can not be used for glucose. At the same time, excessive consumption of lychees affect appetite, the body can not be a nutritional supplement, resulting in shortage of human blood glucose, so hypoglycemic reaction. Such low blood sugar and diabetes low blood sugar difference, primarily the former has a large number of fresh lychee history.
Suffering from serious liver disease liver disease low blood sugar such as liver cancer, cirrhosis of advanced, severe hepatitis, it can hypoglycemia, this is because the liver cells of glycogen synthesis, storage and decomposition by the barrier's sake; In addition, the liver enzyme system congenital defects, such as glycogen storage disease (von Gierke disease), because the liver releases glucose often difficult to hypoglycemia. Identification is the reaction time of hypoglycemia, patients with severe liver disease original.
Drug-induced hypoglycemia in long-term service willow salt, anti-tissue amine, propranolol, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, Phenylbutazone, sodium on ammonia Yang, isoniazid and acetaminophen (paracetamol) and other drugs, even to cause low blood sugar. Low blood sugar such identification is a service history of these drugs.
If too much glucose or loss of use of breast-feeding women, strenuous exercise or prolonged heavy physical labor, use of too much blood sugar can cause low blood sugar; when suffering from severe diarrhea, high fever, severe hyperthyroidism, because of excessive loss of blood sugar consumption , also can cause hypoglycemia. Above, after hypoglycemia, diabetes, low blood sugar should be differential.
Inadequate food intake, such as old and feeble, suffering from severe chronic disease, cancer chemotherapy-induced loss of appetite, reflux ulcer scar caused by inflammation caused by swallowing difficulties, mental illness, teenage weight loss caused by excessive mental anorexia and so on, can lack of long-term food intake, while the hypoglycemic response.
Factors beyond the control of blood sugar
We often encountered in clinical patients, although increasing the dose and type, but the blood sugar remained high. In addition to the common drug factors (such as secondary sulfonylurea failure, etc.), dietary factors (such as diet control is not strict or unreasonable structure, etc.), exercise factors (such as lack of exercise), it also can find some serious interference with glucose incentive for drug onset. We call these incentives, "difficult to control blood sugar factors." Once you find difficult to control blood sugar factors, given the right Differential Treatment, often rapid decline in blood glucose, hypoglycemic drug dosage and types are also reduced.
Difficult to control blood sugar the main incentives for the following:
Insomnia: Because of high blood sugar, thirst drinking more, urinating more often at night; or a history of long, older people with diabetes are often associated with renal tubular dysfunction; or prostatic hypertrophy in older men urination at night; some patients to drink before going to bed hi Coffee, tea and other beverages, leading to mental excitement; old itching skin lesions caused by disease or diabetes, a number of factors can cause itching, etc. insomnia diabetes. In addition, the heavy psychological burden, anxiety, upset Jieke lead to insomnia. In short, many factors leading to insomnia, to look carefully. These patients are often more severe insomnia, high blood sugar more.
Constipation: from the gastrointestinal motility of diabetic weakened, fiber intake is too small, to take effect on gastric motility drugs, exercise too little and so can cause constipation. Some patients with two or three days a will, a serious three to five days or a week or more it; also some non-elderly no less than enema. Constipation not only obstacle to the body metabolism, reduce toxic discharges, and often result in serious thought to the burden of the patient, making increasingly heavy constipation, blood sugar is also increasing.
Mood swings: Diabetes people were from the social, family, friends and so the impact can easily cause mood swings. Some fear for their own illness outcome, and some too large for worry about medical costs, some do not and for the families, relatives and friends of the cold and sad, anxious. Had encountered a patient, usually a good blood glucose control with insulin, and his wife quarreled that day, blood glucose will rise, even if the double dose of insulin, it is still "pressure" not down.
Infection: immune function in people with diabetes is low, chances of infection increase, they often become infected blood sugar incentives. The most common are respiratory infections, followed by urinary tract infections, and even his back carbuncle boil, gum abscess, acute tonsillitis, etc. can also cause blood sugar fluctuations. One patient had treatment, the skin throughout the body of small pus boil after another, the two-hour postprandial blood glucose had been 200-250 mg / dl between the fluctuations, using traditional medicines to eliminate pus boil, the blood sugar to normal quickly, and hypoglycemic drug also will decrement.
In addition, women irregular menstruation (dysmenorrhea in particular, can cause increased blood sugar), gynecological disease, diabetes, peripheral neuropathy caused by limb pain, diabetic frozen shoulder, too much alcohol (especially wine), snack too much, overwork are all incentives for high blood sugar. Find difficult to control blood sugar factors, therefore, do not overlook the details. One elderly woman with diabetes, blood sugar control is not satisfactory, a private prosecution with more yellow. We give bet by hot and humid heat and dampness, they unexpectedly found that blood sugar also will drop down. Since then we further trace the history of their blood sugar twice a year during periods of volatility are larger with more yellow. Yellow with the disappearance of blood sugar drop, is our windfall.
Difficult to control blood sugar the main incentives for the following:
Insomnia: Because of high blood sugar, thirst drinking more, urinating more often at night; or a history of long, older people with diabetes are often associated with renal tubular dysfunction; or prostatic hypertrophy in older men urination at night; some patients to drink before going to bed hi Coffee, tea and other beverages, leading to mental excitement; old itching skin lesions caused by disease or diabetes, a number of factors can cause itching, etc. insomnia diabetes. In addition, the heavy psychological burden, anxiety, upset Jieke lead to insomnia. In short, many factors leading to insomnia, to look carefully. These patients are often more severe insomnia, high blood sugar more.
Constipation: from the gastrointestinal motility of diabetic weakened, fiber intake is too small, to take effect on gastric motility drugs, exercise too little and so can cause constipation. Some patients with two or three days a will, a serious three to five days or a week or more it; also some non-elderly no less than enema. Constipation not only obstacle to the body metabolism, reduce toxic discharges, and often result in serious thought to the burden of the patient, making increasingly heavy constipation, blood sugar is also increasing.
Mood swings: Diabetes people were from the social, family, friends and so the impact can easily cause mood swings. Some fear for their own illness outcome, and some too large for worry about medical costs, some do not and for the families, relatives and friends of the cold and sad, anxious. Had encountered a patient, usually a good blood glucose control with insulin, and his wife quarreled that day, blood glucose will rise, even if the double dose of insulin, it is still "pressure" not down.
Infection: immune function in people with diabetes is low, chances of infection increase, they often become infected blood sugar incentives. The most common are respiratory infections, followed by urinary tract infections, and even his back carbuncle boil, gum abscess, acute tonsillitis, etc. can also cause blood sugar fluctuations. One patient had treatment, the skin throughout the body of small pus boil after another, the two-hour postprandial blood glucose had been 200-250 mg / dl between the fluctuations, using traditional medicines to eliminate pus boil, the blood sugar to normal quickly, and hypoglycemic drug also will decrement.
In addition, women irregular menstruation (dysmenorrhea in particular, can cause increased blood sugar), gynecological disease, diabetes, peripheral neuropathy caused by limb pain, diabetic frozen shoulder, too much alcohol (especially wine), snack too much, overwork are all incentives for high blood sugar. Find difficult to control blood sugar factors, therefore, do not overlook the details. One elderly woman with diabetes, blood sugar control is not satisfactory, a private prosecution with more yellow. We give bet by hot and humid heat and dampness, they unexpectedly found that blood sugar also will drop down. Since then we further trace the history of their blood sugar twice a year during periods of volatility are larger with more yellow. Yellow with the disappearance of blood sugar drop, is our windfall.
Monday, May 10, 2010
The source of insulin
Insulin is a protein hormone. Insulin is secreted by the pancreatic islet β cells. In human duodenal side, there is a long-shaped organ, called the pancreas. Many scattered in the pancreas cell clusters called islets. Pancreas islet total of around 100 to 200 million. Islet cell function in accordance with their secretion of hormones into the following types: ① B cells (β cells), islet cells about 60% to 80%, insulin secretion, insulin can lower blood sugar. ② A cells (α cells), accounting for about 24% of islet cells to 40% secretion of glucagon, the role of glucagon with insulin contrary, can increase blood sugar. ③ D cells, or about 6% of the total number of islet cells to 15%, growth hormone inhibiting hormone secretion.
Diabetes, due to infection, autoimmune, genetic and other risk factors, pathophysiology activity was mainly due to the relative or absolute lack of insulin and glucagon activity due to the relative or absolute excess, ie, B and A cells Bilateral dysfunction caused by hormones. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus insulin-secreting cells or complete absence of serious damage, endogenous insulin secretion is very low, needed exogenous insulin therapy. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, insulin secretion less obstacles, based on normal or elevated insulin levels, and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion are generally lower than those of the corresponding weight, that is the relative lack of insulin.
Insulin secretion mainly by the following factors:
(1) blood glucose concentration on insulin secretion of the most important factor. After oral or intravenous glucose, insulin release was two-phase reaction. Early rapid phase, portal venous plasma insulin in the 2 minutes that is the highest value, then decreased rapidly; delay of the slow phase, the plasma insulin level after 10 minutes then gradually increased and lasted for more than 1 hour. Early phase showed fast storage of glucose to promote insulin release, the delay of the slow phase shows the synthesis of insulin and insulin changes in insulin.
(2) eat more food containing protein, the blood amino acid concentration, insulin secretion increased. Arginine, lysine, leucine and phenylalanine have a strong stimulation of insulin secretion.
(3) an increase of gut after meals can stimulate insulin secretion such as gastrin, endocrine pancreas, stomach Yi Tai, vasoactive intestinal peptide are stimulated insulin secretion.
(4) free nerve function could affect insulin secretion. The excitation of the vagus nerve to promote insulin secretion; sympathetic nerve activity is inhibited when insulin secretion.
Diabetes, due to infection, autoimmune, genetic and other risk factors, pathophysiology activity was mainly due to the relative or absolute lack of insulin and glucagon activity due to the relative or absolute excess, ie, B and A cells Bilateral dysfunction caused by hormones. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus insulin-secreting cells or complete absence of serious damage, endogenous insulin secretion is very low, needed exogenous insulin therapy. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, insulin secretion less obstacles, based on normal or elevated insulin levels, and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion are generally lower than those of the corresponding weight, that is the relative lack of insulin.
Insulin secretion mainly by the following factors:
(1) blood glucose concentration on insulin secretion of the most important factor. After oral or intravenous glucose, insulin release was two-phase reaction. Early rapid phase, portal venous plasma insulin in the 2 minutes that is the highest value, then decreased rapidly; delay of the slow phase, the plasma insulin level after 10 minutes then gradually increased and lasted for more than 1 hour. Early phase showed fast storage of glucose to promote insulin release, the delay of the slow phase shows the synthesis of insulin and insulin changes in insulin.
(2) eat more food containing protein, the blood amino acid concentration, insulin secretion increased. Arginine, lysine, leucine and phenylalanine have a strong stimulation of insulin secretion.
(3) an increase of gut after meals can stimulate insulin secretion such as gastrin, endocrine pancreas, stomach Yi Tai, vasoactive intestinal peptide are stimulated insulin secretion.
(4) free nerve function could affect insulin secretion. The excitation of the vagus nerve to promote insulin secretion; sympathetic nerve activity is inhibited when insulin secretion.
Image interpretation, "insulin resistance"
What is insulin resistance then? We had not called sugar diabetes when the person on behalf of the normal amount of glucose tolerance that is also normal, able to lower blood sugar well. However, we pre-diabetic patients that he is not a normal person, because he has a chromosomal gene mutation, then mutation of this gene led to increased with age, appeared after the so-called insulin resistance. We used a small amount of insulin that can lower blood sugar better, and now will not be a large number of non-insulin to bring blood sugar down well. (Learn more about the basis of knowledge of diabetes ... ... View>>)
Analogy it, before we move it a little push car, and now there insulin resistance, is like Che Gulu long rust, and our non of straining to push the car moving. So how this resistance is generated? This resistance is quite complicated, it is now our basic science diabetes research a hot topic.
It has several aspects, one is to play the role of insulin and cells, must go to its receptor binding. The receptor is like a lock, insulin is like a key, key lock, to start a series of activities inside cells, such as cars, one car had the keys to open, cars will be running machine. Then the resistance is classified into pre-receptor resistance, for example, the quality of our poor insulin secretion, like the keys on it, not easy to unlock, this is a.
There is also a problem that we lock well, we call receptor problem. That receptor is different positions have different structural variations, the key to unlocking not so smoothly. There it is, some of the internal functioning of our cells is not good, is like car keys to the car to open the machine, but not so Haohao De rotation. Inside cells inside the movement, the physiological changes it is very complex, each part of the problem if it can not run good. It is a normal combination of insulin with the receptor, the cell range of motion after motion Well, we finally launched a factor we called glucose transporter, transporter. Then the glucose transporter protein, the more, and on the cell membrane transport, go to the cell membrane after the passage of glucose put the cell membrane to open, then the blood sugar into the cells where to go inside, and if the activities of glucose less, open the door fewer blood cells than in the sugar go into the blood in the sugar high.
So we have to say where insulin resistance, we, as clinicians, clinical hospital is not for you to find the problem. Because it is the people who engage in basic medical research, but everyone is against us there, then there is a medicine called insulin sensitizers, which means that after taking the medicine, it is not through the insulin that link directly to promote Some links within the cells so that glucose transporter number, so that our cells on the glucose-channel open, hypoglycemic. So now we have this drug to solve this problem.
Analogy it, before we move it a little push car, and now there insulin resistance, is like Che Gulu long rust, and our non of straining to push the car moving. So how this resistance is generated? This resistance is quite complicated, it is now our basic science diabetes research a hot topic.
It has several aspects, one is to play the role of insulin and cells, must go to its receptor binding. The receptor is like a lock, insulin is like a key, key lock, to start a series of activities inside cells, such as cars, one car had the keys to open, cars will be running machine. Then the resistance is classified into pre-receptor resistance, for example, the quality of our poor insulin secretion, like the keys on it, not easy to unlock, this is a.
There is also a problem that we lock well, we call receptor problem. That receptor is different positions have different structural variations, the key to unlocking not so smoothly. There it is, some of the internal functioning of our cells is not good, is like car keys to the car to open the machine, but not so Haohao De rotation. Inside cells inside the movement, the physiological changes it is very complex, each part of the problem if it can not run good. It is a normal combination of insulin with the receptor, the cell range of motion after motion Well, we finally launched a factor we called glucose transporter, transporter. Then the glucose transporter protein, the more, and on the cell membrane transport, go to the cell membrane after the passage of glucose put the cell membrane to open, then the blood sugar into the cells where to go inside, and if the activities of glucose less, open the door fewer blood cells than in the sugar go into the blood in the sugar high.
So we have to say where insulin resistance, we, as clinicians, clinical hospital is not for you to find the problem. Because it is the people who engage in basic medical research, but everyone is against us there, then there is a medicine called insulin sensitizers, which means that after taking the medicine, it is not through the insulin that link directly to promote Some links within the cells so that glucose transporter number, so that our cells on the glucose-channel open, hypoglycemic. So now we have this drug to solve this problem.
Sunday, May 2, 2010
Wash more healthy people with diabetes
External treatment of diseases, traditional Chinese medicine has its unique advantages. Medicated bath is under the guidance of TCM theory, matching certain herbs are made into traditional Chinese medicine bath, bathing the whole body or partial bathing method of foreign rule. Fumigation of drug treatment of diabetes, particularly diabetic peripheral neuropathy, lower extremity vascular disease such as diabetes is effective. The mechanism of drug penetration through the skin directly to lesions, improve local blood circulation and nerve conduction to the lower extremity numbness, pain, coldness and other symptoms.
Medicated bath with conditioning blood, dredging channels, prevent and cure diseases, beauty skin beauty, the role of physical health. Dipping the active ingredients of Chinese medicine through the skin, mucous membranes into the body to play a role in reducing drug to stimulate the digestive tract, reducing the liver, kidney burden, and effective local tissue concentrations of the drug were significantly higher than other parts, so medicated bath is a unique and effective route of administration. Chinese processed Processed, significantly reduced side effects, Chinese herbal bath concentrations lower than the concentration of oral liquid, generally no significant side effects on the human body. According to different purposes of treatment, drugs can be divided into body bath shower, shower head and face, head bath, hand foot massage, hip bath and partial bath and so on. Depending on the specific application but also diseases, physical strength, disease or syndrome of the situation to select the appropriate dipping side.
Yu Fu Powder
Recipe: Green Bean 250 g, 6 g talc, Angelica 6 grams, 6 grams of white Fuzi.
Effects: moisturizing wing muscles, Qingreufeng.
Applications: Suitable for diabetic skin itching, skin excess fat, skin and chapped so rough. To the total drug research for the go-between, taking about 10 grams per day, 100 ml of hot water until the bath temperature, after appropriate local, every 10 days for a treatment that can continuously applied.
Tom Wind
Recipe: wind 90 grams, 90 grams Motherwort, matrine and 90 grams, 150 grams Tribulus terrestris, Jingjielianqiao spike 60 grams, Viticis 60 grams, 60 grams of Citrus aurantium.
Efficacy: heat itching, cooling Qufeng.
Application: This side of the chronic itching skin diseases have a better therapeutic effect. Diabetes cause skin itching, dry skin can use this side. Will be on standby drug crushed sifted. Each with 90 grams, 3000 ml water, boiling 20 minutes, to Java. When appropriate, liquid temperature baths or shower body affected area. Cancer itch lotion
Shower side
Recipe: 36 grams Eriocaulon capillaris 36 g, 36 g abalone, mori 36 grams, 36 grams of white chrysanthemums, papaya 45 grams, 45 grams of mulberry leaves, blue 45 grams.
Effect: clearing away heat, detoxifying itching.
Applications: Control a variety of skin diseases. Itchy skin caused by diabetes mellitus, skin diseases and other bacterial diseases, with significant inhibition detoxification. The fight for the crude drug residue, the residue loaded up yarn bag, add water 3000 ml, boiled for 10 minutes, until the time the temperature suitable for bathing.
Chrysanthemum Decoction
Recipe: Mulberry 30 grams, 15 grams of wild chrysanthemum, gardenia 10 grams, 6 grams live alone, Tianma 6 grams, 30 grams mint.
Efficacy: San wind heat, Shu meridians.
Application: This side of the lower limb diabetic skin infections diseases to a certain extent. Use, will be on drugs 1000 ml water, boil for 15 minutes prior to taking liquid slag bath when the temperature both lower limbs when appropriate, usually 1 day, 20 minutes for each bath.
Lithospermum Washing
Prescription: Radix 30 grams, 15 grams of madder, Angelica 15 grams, red peony 15 grams, 15 grams of hematoxylin, South saffron 15 grams, 15 grams of Magnolia, loofah 15 grams, 15 grams of wood through.
Efficacy: qi and activating blood, stasis Tongluo.
Application: before treatment of the skin caused by plaque qi stagnation, pigmentation, numbness of extremities caused by neuropathy, peripheral limbs caused by poor blood circulation did not warm embolism. Will be on the medicine with water 3000 ml, boiled for 15 to 20 minutes until the temperature is appropriate, bathing the whole body or body bath.
Warm the cold-dispelling Lotion
Prescription: Aconite 30 grams, 1 000 ginger 30 grams, 30 grams Guizhi, angelica 30 grams, 30 grams of pepper, red peony 30 grams, 30 grams of Herba Asari, ephedra 30 grams, 30 grams of safflower, fur root 120 grams.
Effect: warm through and cold, blood pain.
Application: This side has the effect of cold-dispelling stasis, is an effective drug treatment of vasculitis bath side. Diabetes caused by small vessel disease of the extremities caused by blocked blood circulation, vein occlusion, ischemic vasculitis may apply this formula. Will the drug into gauze bags into the pot, add water to the residue 3000 ml Jiantang, bathing the affected area. 2 times a day, each dose can be used 2-3 days.
Superficial phlebitis lotion
Recipe: Hematoxylin 30 grams, 15 grams of safflower, Yin-hua 30 grams, 30 grams of dandelion, Glauber's salt 15 g, Chinese angelica 30 grams, 30 grams of Shallot, mori 30 grams, 15 grams of frankincense, myrrh 15 grams.
Efficacy: blood circulation, reduce swelling and pain.
Application: This side can be treated thrombophlebitis, phlebitis caused by diabetes and peripheral vascular disease also have a therapeutic effect. Will be on drug research for the go-between, add water 2500 ml, Jianshui to the residue, warm liquid soaking the affected area. 1 to 2 times a day, every 30 minutes.
Special Reminder: drug bath Precautions
In diabetic patients, medicated bath of the most important thing is to control the temperature well. As the extremities in patients with neuropathy may be associated with, there will be sensory disturbances and paresthesia. So to avoid burns is a prerequisite for dipping. Water temperature to 30 ~ 40 ℃, is more appropriate when necessary, to measure temperature with a thermometer.
1, diabetic lower extremity arterial disease in different parts according to symptoms and to determine how much liquid, but pay special attention to the temperature of liquid can not be overheated, to avoid burn, nor too cold, to prevent adverse stimulus.
2, dry skin in the elderly should pay attention to the body water balance. Bath before, a good idea to drink a glass of water, this will help the metabolism, while in the bath when not dehydrated.
3, bath time to keep warm and avoid exposure to cold, hair, dry skin immediately after bathing. Note that warm, sheltered.
4, before eating, not bathing after a meal within 30 minutes. Fasting bath, easy to hypoglycemia. Satiation after the bath, hot water surface stimulated by the expansion of blood vessels, gastrointestinal tract to reduce blood supply will lead to digestive function was reduced, thus affecting the digestion and absorption of food.
5, bath process, if found in the phenomenon of drug allergy, should immediately stop bath.
Medicated bath with conditioning blood, dredging channels, prevent and cure diseases, beauty skin beauty, the role of physical health. Dipping the active ingredients of Chinese medicine through the skin, mucous membranes into the body to play a role in reducing drug to stimulate the digestive tract, reducing the liver, kidney burden, and effective local tissue concentrations of the drug were significantly higher than other parts, so medicated bath is a unique and effective route of administration. Chinese processed Processed, significantly reduced side effects, Chinese herbal bath concentrations lower than the concentration of oral liquid, generally no significant side effects on the human body. According to different purposes of treatment, drugs can be divided into body bath shower, shower head and face, head bath, hand foot massage, hip bath and partial bath and so on. Depending on the specific application but also diseases, physical strength, disease or syndrome of the situation to select the appropriate dipping side.
Yu Fu Powder
Recipe: Green Bean 250 g, 6 g talc, Angelica 6 grams, 6 grams of white Fuzi.
Effects: moisturizing wing muscles, Qingreufeng.
Applications: Suitable for diabetic skin itching, skin excess fat, skin and chapped so rough. To the total drug research for the go-between, taking about 10 grams per day, 100 ml of hot water until the bath temperature, after appropriate local, every 10 days for a treatment that can continuously applied.
Tom Wind
Recipe: wind 90 grams, 90 grams Motherwort, matrine and 90 grams, 150 grams Tribulus terrestris, Jingjielianqiao spike 60 grams, Viticis 60 grams, 60 grams of Citrus aurantium.
Efficacy: heat itching, cooling Qufeng.
Application: This side of the chronic itching skin diseases have a better therapeutic effect. Diabetes cause skin itching, dry skin can use this side. Will be on standby drug crushed sifted. Each with 90 grams, 3000 ml water, boiling 20 minutes, to Java. When appropriate, liquid temperature baths or shower body affected area. Cancer itch lotion
Shower side
Recipe: 36 grams Eriocaulon capillaris 36 g, 36 g abalone, mori 36 grams, 36 grams of white chrysanthemums, papaya 45 grams, 45 grams of mulberry leaves, blue 45 grams.
Effect: clearing away heat, detoxifying itching.
Applications: Control a variety of skin diseases. Itchy skin caused by diabetes mellitus, skin diseases and other bacterial diseases, with significant inhibition detoxification. The fight for the crude drug residue, the residue loaded up yarn bag, add water 3000 ml, boiled for 10 minutes, until the time the temperature suitable for bathing.
Chrysanthemum Decoction
Recipe: Mulberry 30 grams, 15 grams of wild chrysanthemum, gardenia 10 grams, 6 grams live alone, Tianma 6 grams, 30 grams mint.
Efficacy: San wind heat, Shu meridians.
Application: This side of the lower limb diabetic skin infections diseases to a certain extent. Use, will be on drugs 1000 ml water, boil for 15 minutes prior to taking liquid slag bath when the temperature both lower limbs when appropriate, usually 1 day, 20 minutes for each bath.
Lithospermum Washing
Prescription: Radix 30 grams, 15 grams of madder, Angelica 15 grams, red peony 15 grams, 15 grams of hematoxylin, South saffron 15 grams, 15 grams of Magnolia, loofah 15 grams, 15 grams of wood through.
Efficacy: qi and activating blood, stasis Tongluo.
Application: before treatment of the skin caused by plaque qi stagnation, pigmentation, numbness of extremities caused by neuropathy, peripheral limbs caused by poor blood circulation did not warm embolism. Will be on the medicine with water 3000 ml, boiled for 15 to 20 minutes until the temperature is appropriate, bathing the whole body or body bath.
Warm the cold-dispelling Lotion
Prescription: Aconite 30 grams, 1 000 ginger 30 grams, 30 grams Guizhi, angelica 30 grams, 30 grams of pepper, red peony 30 grams, 30 grams of Herba Asari, ephedra 30 grams, 30 grams of safflower, fur root 120 grams.
Effect: warm through and cold, blood pain.
Application: This side has the effect of cold-dispelling stasis, is an effective drug treatment of vasculitis bath side. Diabetes caused by small vessel disease of the extremities caused by blocked blood circulation, vein occlusion, ischemic vasculitis may apply this formula. Will the drug into gauze bags into the pot, add water to the residue 3000 ml Jiantang, bathing the affected area. 2 times a day, each dose can be used 2-3 days.
Superficial phlebitis lotion
Recipe: Hematoxylin 30 grams, 15 grams of safflower, Yin-hua 30 grams, 30 grams of dandelion, Glauber's salt 15 g, Chinese angelica 30 grams, 30 grams of Shallot, mori 30 grams, 15 grams of frankincense, myrrh 15 grams.
Efficacy: blood circulation, reduce swelling and pain.
Application: This side can be treated thrombophlebitis, phlebitis caused by diabetes and peripheral vascular disease also have a therapeutic effect. Will be on drug research for the go-between, add water 2500 ml, Jianshui to the residue, warm liquid soaking the affected area. 1 to 2 times a day, every 30 minutes.
Special Reminder: drug bath Precautions
In diabetic patients, medicated bath of the most important thing is to control the temperature well. As the extremities in patients with neuropathy may be associated with, there will be sensory disturbances and paresthesia. So to avoid burns is a prerequisite for dipping. Water temperature to 30 ~ 40 ℃, is more appropriate when necessary, to measure temperature with a thermometer.
1, diabetic lower extremity arterial disease in different parts according to symptoms and to determine how much liquid, but pay special attention to the temperature of liquid can not be overheated, to avoid burn, nor too cold, to prevent adverse stimulus.
2, dry skin in the elderly should pay attention to the body water balance. Bath before, a good idea to drink a glass of water, this will help the metabolism, while in the bath when not dehydrated.
3, bath time to keep warm and avoid exposure to cold, hair, dry skin immediately after bathing. Note that warm, sheltered.
4, before eating, not bathing after a meal within 30 minutes. Fasting bath, easy to hypoglycemia. Satiation after the bath, hot water surface stimulated by the expansion of blood vessels, gastrointestinal tract to reduce blood supply will lead to digestive function was reduced, thus affecting the digestion and absorption of food.
5, bath process, if found in the phenomenon of drug allergy, should immediately stop bath.
How can diabetes "run" to the feet
A woman with diabetes, aged 75, more than 20 years history of diabetes, long-term use of various antidiabetic glibenclamide and traditional Chinese medicine, the last 3 years have been fasting plasma glucose of 12 to 15 mmol / L (220 to 270 mg / dl). Then right foot toe nail due to shear, resulting in long-term unhealed after local ulceration, necrosis of the great toe black color, so come to our hospital.
The initial diagnosis of patients admitted to hospital as a "type 2 diabetes and arteriosclerosis obliterans of lower limbs, diabetic foot five." In the treatment process, so that it bothers her a question: "how my diabetes 'run' to the feet go?" This sounds ridiculous, but it largely reflects the number of diabetes patients ignorance.
As people's living standards improve, the incidence of diabetes at an alarming pace, a variety of chronic complications of diabetes also increased, to become invisible killer threatening diabetes. Obliterans is involved diabetic complications surrounding a large blood vessels, as mentioned in the article at the beginning of the patients as arteriosclerosis obliterans developed to a certain extent, can lead to acral necrosis, severe cases leading to amputation, become disabled patients died an important reason.
Obliterans is a disease involving atherosclerosis and lead to chronic peripheral arterial occlusive disease. As the atherosclerotic plaque and its internal bleeding or plaque rupture, leading to the formation of blood clots and has the effect of secondary vascular stenosis or occlusion, leading to clinical manifestations such as limb ischemia. Disease is more common in the elderly, age 50 to more than 70 years, 20% of patients had diabetes. Patients with diabetes than those without the disease 11 times higher in patients with diabetes, and age of onset earlier, easier and far less impact on adjacent parts of the caliber arteries. Therefore, the diabetes "running" to the feet go, is not surprising.
Arteriosclerosis by symptoms can be divided into four phases:
Phase 1 patients may be in the lower limbs, feet numbness, coldness, leg soreness, especially in the lower leg significantly.
The first two pairs of lower limb blood flow reserve shortage, intense activity can not maintain an adequate blood flow, patients can be manifested as intermittent claudication, such as walking a short distance but was forced to stop because of pain, rest pain relief.
3, the further development of ischemia, residual blood flow below the resting metabolism of the needs of the time, showing resting pain, particularly at night obviously.
4 can not provide the necessary organizational survival of blood flow, peripheral and contact with skin lesions began to appear dystrophy, clinical manifestations of necrosis or acral gangrene.
If color Doppler ultrasound examination of both lower extremities results divided, the disease can be divided into four degrees:
Early lesions of vascular stenosis were 25% lower than the normal blood flow is less than 35% of normal;
Slightly lower than that of lesion stenosis of 25 to 50% less than the normal blood flow of 35 to 50%;
Normal coronary arteries with moderate stenosis of 50 to 75% of people, blood flow less than the normal 50 to 70%;
Severe stenosis of coronary arteries more than 75% lower than the normal person, normal blood flow is less than 70%.
Obliterans is the most serious damage caused acral necrosis, gangrene, especially in diabetic arteriosclerosis obliterans, diabetic foot disease is the most fundamental reason.
In case of diabetic foot patients, treatment up very difficult, so many patients are forced to amputation, to the inconvenience of life. Therefore, to remind the general diabetic patients must be early detection and treatment of arteriosclerosis obliterans, Once the symptoms mentioned above, should consult a doctor.
Now, with the continuous improvement of diagnosis, the disease has greatly increased the detection rate. Early by noninvasive - Color Doppler ultrasound can check arteries, vein diameter and flow rate, the quantitative orientation analysis, so that the disease is greatly improved diagnostic accuracy.
Once diagnosed with arteriosclerosis obliterans, patients should stop smoking (smoking can cause vascular spasm), treatment of lipid abnormalities, diabetes, limb skin to keep clean, dry and soft, to prevent the cold and injuries. Such as a local infection or trauma, should be dealt with expeditiously. In addition, a large number of current clinical application of vasodilator agents and anti-suppository, the more significant effect of early lesions. Also carried out in recent years, surgical treatment and interventional therapy with good results.
The initial diagnosis of patients admitted to hospital as a "type 2 diabetes and arteriosclerosis obliterans of lower limbs, diabetic foot five." In the treatment process, so that it bothers her a question: "how my diabetes 'run' to the feet go?" This sounds ridiculous, but it largely reflects the number of diabetes patients ignorance.
As people's living standards improve, the incidence of diabetes at an alarming pace, a variety of chronic complications of diabetes also increased, to become invisible killer threatening diabetes. Obliterans is involved diabetic complications surrounding a large blood vessels, as mentioned in the article at the beginning of the patients as arteriosclerosis obliterans developed to a certain extent, can lead to acral necrosis, severe cases leading to amputation, become disabled patients died an important reason.
Obliterans is a disease involving atherosclerosis and lead to chronic peripheral arterial occlusive disease. As the atherosclerotic plaque and its internal bleeding or plaque rupture, leading to the formation of blood clots and has the effect of secondary vascular stenosis or occlusion, leading to clinical manifestations such as limb ischemia. Disease is more common in the elderly, age 50 to more than 70 years, 20% of patients had diabetes. Patients with diabetes than those without the disease 11 times higher in patients with diabetes, and age of onset earlier, easier and far less impact on adjacent parts of the caliber arteries. Therefore, the diabetes "running" to the feet go, is not surprising.
Arteriosclerosis by symptoms can be divided into four phases:
Phase 1 patients may be in the lower limbs, feet numbness, coldness, leg soreness, especially in the lower leg significantly.
The first two pairs of lower limb blood flow reserve shortage, intense activity can not maintain an adequate blood flow, patients can be manifested as intermittent claudication, such as walking a short distance but was forced to stop because of pain, rest pain relief.
3, the further development of ischemia, residual blood flow below the resting metabolism of the needs of the time, showing resting pain, particularly at night obviously.
4 can not provide the necessary organizational survival of blood flow, peripheral and contact with skin lesions began to appear dystrophy, clinical manifestations of necrosis or acral gangrene.
If color Doppler ultrasound examination of both lower extremities results divided, the disease can be divided into four degrees:
Early lesions of vascular stenosis were 25% lower than the normal blood flow is less than 35% of normal;
Slightly lower than that of lesion stenosis of 25 to 50% less than the normal blood flow of 35 to 50%;
Normal coronary arteries with moderate stenosis of 50 to 75% of people, blood flow less than the normal 50 to 70%;
Severe stenosis of coronary arteries more than 75% lower than the normal person, normal blood flow is less than 70%.
Obliterans is the most serious damage caused acral necrosis, gangrene, especially in diabetic arteriosclerosis obliterans, diabetic foot disease is the most fundamental reason.
In case of diabetic foot patients, treatment up very difficult, so many patients are forced to amputation, to the inconvenience of life. Therefore, to remind the general diabetic patients must be early detection and treatment of arteriosclerosis obliterans, Once the symptoms mentioned above, should consult a doctor.
Now, with the continuous improvement of diagnosis, the disease has greatly increased the detection rate. Early by noninvasive - Color Doppler ultrasound can check arteries, vein diameter and flow rate, the quantitative orientation analysis, so that the disease is greatly improved diagnostic accuracy.
Once diagnosed with arteriosclerosis obliterans, patients should stop smoking (smoking can cause vascular spasm), treatment of lipid abnormalities, diabetes, limb skin to keep clean, dry and soft, to prevent the cold and injuries. Such as a local infection or trauma, should be dealt with expeditiously. In addition, a large number of current clinical application of vasodilator agents and anti-suppository, the more significant effect of early lesions. Also carried out in recent years, surgical treatment and interventional therapy with good results.
Pumpkin can reduce diabetes?
Now in our country has become an important vegetable throughout the north and south is summer, autumn and winter, one of the main vegetable varieties. Pumpkin Goods (change) many species, called the leading vegetables in melons. View from a long round fruit shape, flat round, round, scoop-shaped, etc.; fruit surface smooth or tumor, when the old familiar white powder; color red brown, yellowish brown or ocher, there are snakes, reticulate or wavy markings. From the mature point of view, there are a difference of 10 to 20 days. Therefore, based on its product (variable) of different species can be used as vegetables or fodder. Specific, such as shredded fried as a vegetable, stew, soup, stuffing, are quite sweet and delicious; on behalf of the rice grain can be sweet and delicious pumpkin Gong Zhu rice, or mash and mix with flour and made into cakes, noodles, etc. , also got character; old steam cooked pumpkin cut food, and taste with sweet potato and egg yolk, folk and more to the generation of food, so there are "rice melon" in name, and "plain ham," the elegant name.
Pumpkin Goods (change) many species, so its nutrients are also quite different.
Pumpkin (pumpkin), origin Beijing, with each containing 100 g of edible part of the protein 0.6 g, fat 0.1 g, carbohydrates 5.7 g, crude fiber 1.1 g, phosphorus 32 mg, calcium 10 mg, phosphorus 32 mg, iron 0.5 mg, carotene, 0.53 mg, vitamin B10.04 5 mg, B20.05 mg, niacin 0.7 mg, vitamin C5 mg.
Pumpkin, place of origin of Xinjiang, edible parts of protein per 100g 1.0 g, fat 0 g, phosphorus compounds, water 10.2 g, crude fiber 0.2 g, calcium 20 mg, phosphorus 11 mg, iron 0.5 mg, carotene 2.7 mg, vitamin B11 mg , B20.05 mg, niacin 0.4 mg, vitamin C10 mg.
Rice Paper Flower melon (pumpkin), origin of Gansu, each containing 100 g of edible part of the protein 0.6 g, fat 0.1 g, carbohydrates 3.1 g, crude fiber 0.4 g, calcium 27 mg, phosphorus 25 mg, iron 1.0 mg, vitamin B20 .02 mg, niacin 0.3 mg, vitamin C49 mg. In particular, for every 100 g of protein from 0. 3 g (Hunan) to 0.9 g (Guangxi, Sichuan), fat from 0 g (Beijing, Jiangsu, Hubei, etc.) to 0.3 g (Hubei), carbohydrate from 1.3 g (Beijing) to 10.2 g (Xinjiang), calcium from 9 mg (Hubei) to 47mg (Sichuan), carotene from 0.11 mg (Guangxi) to 320 mg (Fujian), vitamin C from 4 mg (Beijing, Hubei) to 49 mg (Gansu ), the difference was significant
In general, vitamin C and glucose pumpkin is more abundant. Foreign Pumpkin also contains trigonelline, adenine, arginine, and more shrunk to sugar and other substances. But in general provided by sugar pumpkin, carotene, vitamin C and calcium, compared with other vegetables, or by more than most have, and even relatively abundant.
Pumpkin seeds
Pumpkin seed kernel oil content of up to 50%, high-quality cooking oil can be used as raw materials. Not only sweet and delicious fried pumpkin seeds, and rich nutrition. White melon seeds (fried) (Beijing) per 100 g of protein 35.1 g, fat 31.8 g, carbohydrates 23.3 g, 520 kcal energy, crude fiber 2.3 g, calcium 235 mg, phosphorus 630 mg, iron 67 mg, carotene 0.47 mg, Vitamin B10.15 mg, B2 0.15 mg, niacin 30 mg.
In addition, pumpkin seeds, is an important medicinal, pharmacological tests show that pumpkin seeds alcohol solution, in 1 hour can kill tapeworms, squeeze the liquid can kill within 15 minutes tapeworm.
Also according to the report, pumpkin seeds, also has a role in killing schistosome. Schistosomiasis patients, three times daily in oral shelled pumpkin seed oil to the powder 280 g, the results show that patients with acute services a week to restore normal body temperature, increased appetite, a month later, the majority of patients with schistosome eggs in vivo disappear.
There were also reports that in some European medical researchers pumpkin-rich Eastern European, Central European countries visit, I found them eat pumpkin seed of men, little risk of prostate disease. Further study by medical scientists found that prostate disease was mainly due to reduced zinc within the prostate sake. The pumpkin seeds are rich in zinc exactly. So eat pumpkin seeds, you can prevent and improve prostate disease. Of course, we can not eat too much, too much can cause loss of appetite or diarrhea.
Pumpkin hypoglycemic function really that magical?
In recent years, more and more patients with diabetes, blood glucose pumpkin to the legend of the more mass the more even. There were some folk remedies and even that is as long as the continuous consumption of 50 kg pumpkin can control diabetes, and do not take medicine.
Most of these legends is said to come from abroad, one of the most convincing in the 80s of last century, the Japanese Hokkaido diabetes up to 5%, but the village did not Yubari a diabetic. The report of the medical profession in Japan caused great interest, thus the rise in Japan, the "pumpkin fever." Many businesses also as a basis to develop a lot of pumpkin products. Followed in China such as Beijing's health food stores and drug stores, supermarkets also have appeared in many claims can lower blood sugar, to pumpkin as the main raw material of health food. And in almost all the sales staff and customers in all of the "pumpkin to glucose," the correctness of this diagnosis method, convinced.
But when someone asked the sales staff "Pumpkin hypoglycemic" scientific basis, then the people they prevaricate. If a Beijing production of "pumpkin powder," the company's manager, said: "business is not necessary to complete the entire process from research began, and some ready-made conclusions can directly use, for direct production." Pumpkin powder in Tianjin, a manufacturing business also said that they only see newspapers, magazines such propaganda, that is a business, to do so.
Pumpkin truth hypoglycemic
This will come from abroad, as the legend of the practice of scientific research, naturally aroused the concern of many scientists in China and was made the test. Diabetes, such as Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Consultation Centre Professor Lei Shunqun said: pumpkin in common food glycemic index, a high index of food, not only do not eat pumpkin hypoglycemic, but appears yellowish discoloration of skin and even cause blood sugar rise high.
According to Professor Lei Shunqun description: pumpkin glycemic index of 75, if the generated index at 55 below, diabetes basically you eat. If 55 to 75, should control the consumption, a high index of more than 75 food, high-index foods easily digested into the body after digestion, absorption rate, glucose release soon, but after the peak high into the blood, thereby promoting blood sugar. Therefore, in daily life, the diabetic should not eat too much pumpkin, Enough is enough.
Department of Endocrinology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Professor Xu Yan pairs do dozens of experimental diabetes was found in patients after eating pumpkin (do not eat anything else) than the blood glucose before eating pumpkin increased by 1 ~ 2 mmol.
Horticultural Society, president of the Chinese branch of Yi-pumpkin researchers reported that the pumpkin is rich in carotene, pectin and other nutrients, is a good care of vegetables, eating regular and appropriate beneficial to human body. At least more than 100 kinds of pumpkin, some varieties of pumpkin has a hypoglycemic effect, but a lot of pumpkin varieties, and nutrient content are very different, and sometimes up to 3 to 5 times difference. Even if a certain individual pumpkin hypoglycemic effect, patients may also not guarantee this kind of food is pumpkin.
As a common vegetable, pumpkin contains carotene, vitamin C, calcium is relatively high or rich in volume, which has some nutritional value. As blood glucose function, have been little research reported in this regard, and therefore patients with rumored "to eat pumpkin" behavior, should be a big misunderstanding, and even lead to blood sugar. Should stop immediately. Business of speculation, it is no need.
Diabetes pathological and physiological changes in absolute or relative lack of insulin, causing carbohydrates, fats, proteins and other metabolic disorders. Thus, according to the type and severity of the disease in patients with dietary control, diabetes treatment is an important measure. There are three traditional ways: First, a simple diet; second is diet plus insulin; Third, diet plus oral hypoglycemic drugs. Other research confirmed the folk without unilateral, still less or not at all.
The medicinal value of the pumpkin, it continues to Li's "Compendium of Materia Medica," said in pumpkin, "smells sweet, warm, non-toxic", with Buzhongyiqi function is correct.
Pumpkin Goods (change) many species, so its nutrients are also quite different.
Pumpkin (pumpkin), origin Beijing, with each containing 100 g of edible part of the protein 0.6 g, fat 0.1 g, carbohydrates 5.7 g, crude fiber 1.1 g, phosphorus 32 mg, calcium 10 mg, phosphorus 32 mg, iron 0.5 mg, carotene, 0.53 mg, vitamin B10.04 5 mg, B20.05 mg, niacin 0.7 mg, vitamin C5 mg.
Pumpkin, place of origin of Xinjiang, edible parts of protein per 100g 1.0 g, fat 0 g, phosphorus compounds, water 10.2 g, crude fiber 0.2 g, calcium 20 mg, phosphorus 11 mg, iron 0.5 mg, carotene 2.7 mg, vitamin B11 mg , B20.05 mg, niacin 0.4 mg, vitamin C10 mg.
Rice Paper Flower melon (pumpkin), origin of Gansu, each containing 100 g of edible part of the protein 0.6 g, fat 0.1 g, carbohydrates 3.1 g, crude fiber 0.4 g, calcium 27 mg, phosphorus 25 mg, iron 1.0 mg, vitamin B20 .02 mg, niacin 0.3 mg, vitamin C49 mg. In particular, for every 100 g of protein from 0. 3 g (Hunan) to 0.9 g (Guangxi, Sichuan), fat from 0 g (Beijing, Jiangsu, Hubei, etc.) to 0.3 g (Hubei), carbohydrate from 1.3 g (Beijing) to 10.2 g (Xinjiang), calcium from 9 mg (Hubei) to 47mg (Sichuan), carotene from 0.11 mg (Guangxi) to 320 mg (Fujian), vitamin C from 4 mg (Beijing, Hubei) to 49 mg (Gansu ), the difference was significant
In general, vitamin C and glucose pumpkin is more abundant. Foreign Pumpkin also contains trigonelline, adenine, arginine, and more shrunk to sugar and other substances. But in general provided by sugar pumpkin, carotene, vitamin C and calcium, compared with other vegetables, or by more than most have, and even relatively abundant.
Pumpkin seeds
Pumpkin seed kernel oil content of up to 50%, high-quality cooking oil can be used as raw materials. Not only sweet and delicious fried pumpkin seeds, and rich nutrition. White melon seeds (fried) (Beijing) per 100 g of protein 35.1 g, fat 31.8 g, carbohydrates 23.3 g, 520 kcal energy, crude fiber 2.3 g, calcium 235 mg, phosphorus 630 mg, iron 67 mg, carotene 0.47 mg, Vitamin B10.15 mg, B2 0.15 mg, niacin 30 mg.
In addition, pumpkin seeds, is an important medicinal, pharmacological tests show that pumpkin seeds alcohol solution, in 1 hour can kill tapeworms, squeeze the liquid can kill within 15 minutes tapeworm.
Also according to the report, pumpkin seeds, also has a role in killing schistosome. Schistosomiasis patients, three times daily in oral shelled pumpkin seed oil to the powder 280 g, the results show that patients with acute services a week to restore normal body temperature, increased appetite, a month later, the majority of patients with schistosome eggs in vivo disappear.
There were also reports that in some European medical researchers pumpkin-rich Eastern European, Central European countries visit, I found them eat pumpkin seed of men, little risk of prostate disease. Further study by medical scientists found that prostate disease was mainly due to reduced zinc within the prostate sake. The pumpkin seeds are rich in zinc exactly. So eat pumpkin seeds, you can prevent and improve prostate disease. Of course, we can not eat too much, too much can cause loss of appetite or diarrhea.
Pumpkin hypoglycemic function really that magical?
In recent years, more and more patients with diabetes, blood glucose pumpkin to the legend of the more mass the more even. There were some folk remedies and even that is as long as the continuous consumption of 50 kg pumpkin can control diabetes, and do not take medicine.
Most of these legends is said to come from abroad, one of the most convincing in the 80s of last century, the Japanese Hokkaido diabetes up to 5%, but the village did not Yubari a diabetic. The report of the medical profession in Japan caused great interest, thus the rise in Japan, the "pumpkin fever." Many businesses also as a basis to develop a lot of pumpkin products. Followed in China such as Beijing's health food stores and drug stores, supermarkets also have appeared in many claims can lower blood sugar, to pumpkin as the main raw material of health food. And in almost all the sales staff and customers in all of the "pumpkin to glucose," the correctness of this diagnosis method, convinced.
But when someone asked the sales staff "Pumpkin hypoglycemic" scientific basis, then the people they prevaricate. If a Beijing production of "pumpkin powder," the company's manager, said: "business is not necessary to complete the entire process from research began, and some ready-made conclusions can directly use, for direct production." Pumpkin powder in Tianjin, a manufacturing business also said that they only see newspapers, magazines such propaganda, that is a business, to do so.
Pumpkin truth hypoglycemic
This will come from abroad, as the legend of the practice of scientific research, naturally aroused the concern of many scientists in China and was made the test. Diabetes, such as Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Consultation Centre Professor Lei Shunqun said: pumpkin in common food glycemic index, a high index of food, not only do not eat pumpkin hypoglycemic, but appears yellowish discoloration of skin and even cause blood sugar rise high.
According to Professor Lei Shunqun description: pumpkin glycemic index of 75, if the generated index at 55 below, diabetes basically you eat. If 55 to 75, should control the consumption, a high index of more than 75 food, high-index foods easily digested into the body after digestion, absorption rate, glucose release soon, but after the peak high into the blood, thereby promoting blood sugar. Therefore, in daily life, the diabetic should not eat too much pumpkin, Enough is enough.
Department of Endocrinology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Professor Xu Yan pairs do dozens of experimental diabetes was found in patients after eating pumpkin (do not eat anything else) than the blood glucose before eating pumpkin increased by 1 ~ 2 mmol.
Horticultural Society, president of the Chinese branch of Yi-pumpkin researchers reported that the pumpkin is rich in carotene, pectin and other nutrients, is a good care of vegetables, eating regular and appropriate beneficial to human body. At least more than 100 kinds of pumpkin, some varieties of pumpkin has a hypoglycemic effect, but a lot of pumpkin varieties, and nutrient content are very different, and sometimes up to 3 to 5 times difference. Even if a certain individual pumpkin hypoglycemic effect, patients may also not guarantee this kind of food is pumpkin.
As a common vegetable, pumpkin contains carotene, vitamin C, calcium is relatively high or rich in volume, which has some nutritional value. As blood glucose function, have been little research reported in this regard, and therefore patients with rumored "to eat pumpkin" behavior, should be a big misunderstanding, and even lead to blood sugar. Should stop immediately. Business of speculation, it is no need.
Diabetes pathological and physiological changes in absolute or relative lack of insulin, causing carbohydrates, fats, proteins and other metabolic disorders. Thus, according to the type and severity of the disease in patients with dietary control, diabetes treatment is an important measure. There are three traditional ways: First, a simple diet; second is diet plus insulin; Third, diet plus oral hypoglycemic drugs. Other research confirmed the folk without unilateral, still less or not at all.
The medicinal value of the pumpkin, it continues to Li's "Compendium of Materia Medica," said in pumpkin, "smells sweet, warm, non-toxic", with Buzhongyiqi function is correct.
Pregnant women can prevent the next generation of diabetes carnivorous
The researchers found from the mice, a male bovine amino acid (taurine) to help prevent diabetes. The meat is rich in amino acids in male cattle. Responsible for the study of the City of London, Ontario director of the Lawson Hill Medical Center, said male bovine amino acid for pregnant women, the importance of folic acid one day and as indispensable.
Hill physicians and research team found in the laboratory, if the pregnant mice were fed low-protein food, these mice give birth to the body of a small mouse pancreatic stem cells would be reduced by 50%. On the contrary, if the pregnant rats fed on the male cows with high acid foods, a small number of mouse stem cells have normal pancreas.
Banteng amino acid is the most common form of human amino acid, human central nervous system, muscle, brain and heart are such amino acids. Banteng amino acids in protein rich foods that are high in content, such as meat and fish. Eggs and dairy products in the male bovine amino acid is also abundant, but no such plant proteins are amino acids.
Male cows pregnant women eat foods high in essential amino acids, because of their intimate female hormones - estrogen will reduce the production of amino acids in cattle.
Another study found that male bovine amino acid can lower blood pressure, congestive heart failure patients can increase cardiac contractility. Some physicians use this medication to treat heart disease.
Sugar mother during pregnancy, usually selected insulin as the main method of treatment, the key issue is to eat "good", that is, scientific diet. As the mother during pregnancy nutrition not only their own needs, but also for the baby's growth and development to provide nutritional, dietary management requirements so with other types of diabetes is different. Therefore, how a balanced diet to ensure the effective control of blood sugar, and mother can pass pregnancy, dietary management is the key to sugar mom.
Xiao Bian Reminder: gestational diabetes diet: Sugar Mama Catering Management
The main nutrients in food, including carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals, vitamins, etc., sugar mom should have a good amount of them.
1, control carbohydrate intake appropriate
Control the total amount of carbohydrate intake, including intake, intake time, and the composition of each intake. Total carbohydrate intake should not be too high or too low, should be 60% of the total energy. Total carbohydrate intake in the established, as increasing meal times, reducing food intake for each meal; strictly limit sugar and double single use of sugar, the best choice of polysaccharides, such as rice, cornmeal, etc., while adding some potatoes, taro, yam and other root vegetables mixed food. Since different food sources of carbohydrates in the digestion, absorption, differences in the interaction of food and the resulting difference between blood glucose and insulin responses, mixed diet, so that slow digestion and absorption of sugar, is conducive to disease control.
2, increasing dietary fiber intake
Dietary fiber has good blood glucose lowering effect, studies have shown that regular consumption of high dietary fiber, and fasting glucose levels lower than those who eat less dietary fiber. Vegetables, fruits, seaweed and beans are rich in dietary fiber, especially pectin in a variety of fruits accounted for 40% of dietary fiber, which has strong absorption in the gut form a gel filtration system, which can slow down certain nutrients discharge, extension of food in gastrointestinal emptying time, reducing hunger. Meanwhile, the pectin can reduce the intestinal hormone "stomach suppressing polypeptide" secretion, delaying the absorption of glucose, postprandial blood glucose and serum insulin to decline. Therefore, mothers should eat more vegetables, sugar, fruits. Strawberry, pineapple and kiwi fruit, etc. due to soluble fiber, vitamins and minerals, and could be preferred. But the banana, sugar cane, longan and sugar content of grapes due to the higher, it should not eat. Green leafy vegetables provide a lot of vitamins, minerals and crude fiber, not only can adjust the taste of Sugar Mama, its sugar content is lower, the food can not limit.
3, the protein is not only important to maintain the normal development of the placenta nutrients, but also for normal fetal development is very important
The best food sources of protein in milk, dairy products, eggs, fish and soy products. Protein per kilogram of body weight can be 1.5 to 2 grams, lean meat, fish, beans and bean products rich in protein, can be an appropriate mix of the daily diet.
4, minerals
Iron: Iron is the main blood substances. Mother during pregnancy to add more sugar, iron, fetal liver also need to store more iron in order to leave the mother after birth when they can not get enough iron supplement in time, can own blood. Thus, the mother should eat plenty of sugar and foods high in iron, such as animal liver.
Calcium: Calcium is an essential nutrient, not only the development of the fetal skeleton is very important, as the third trimester increased the absorption of calcium, calcium supplement if the lack of sugar makes the mothers muscle cramps, bone and muscle pain, severe cases will lead to tooth decalcification, bone softening. Therefore, sugar should ensure that mothers day 1200 ~ 1500 mg of calcium supplementation.
Should be food-based, as far as possible to get calcium from the diet, milk and dairy products are the main source of calcium. Other calcium-rich foods are beans and bean products, green vegetables, fish, shrimp, kelp, seaweed, sesame and so on. The most simple way to knock the bone vinegar can be used to make bone in the calcium dissolved in the soup, to the oil soup, excellent results.
Calcium deficiency of sugar mother (such as cow's milk allergy, etc.), can be under the guidance of a doctor taking a certain dose of calcium preparations. But be careful not to overdose.
5, vitamin
Vitamin D: requirements increase during pregnancy, but every day the sun or drink milk fortified with vitamin D.
Folic Acid: pregnancy increased by 2 times the normal requirements, should be eat some more while containing folic acid less impact on blood sugar foods such as green leafy vegetables (spinach and cabbage dishes), beans, animal liver, orange, and all wheat flour.
Vitamin B, C family: requirements increase only slightly, and in many foods have considerable content, which normally does not lack, may need to add.
Hill physicians and research team found in the laboratory, if the pregnant mice were fed low-protein food, these mice give birth to the body of a small mouse pancreatic stem cells would be reduced by 50%. On the contrary, if the pregnant rats fed on the male cows with high acid foods, a small number of mouse stem cells have normal pancreas.
Banteng amino acid is the most common form of human amino acid, human central nervous system, muscle, brain and heart are such amino acids. Banteng amino acids in protein rich foods that are high in content, such as meat and fish. Eggs and dairy products in the male bovine amino acid is also abundant, but no such plant proteins are amino acids.
Male cows pregnant women eat foods high in essential amino acids, because of their intimate female hormones - estrogen will reduce the production of amino acids in cattle.
Another study found that male bovine amino acid can lower blood pressure, congestive heart failure patients can increase cardiac contractility. Some physicians use this medication to treat heart disease.
Sugar mother during pregnancy, usually selected insulin as the main method of treatment, the key issue is to eat "good", that is, scientific diet. As the mother during pregnancy nutrition not only their own needs, but also for the baby's growth and development to provide nutritional, dietary management requirements so with other types of diabetes is different. Therefore, how a balanced diet to ensure the effective control of blood sugar, and mother can pass pregnancy, dietary management is the key to sugar mom.
Xiao Bian Reminder: gestational diabetes diet: Sugar Mama Catering Management
The main nutrients in food, including carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals, vitamins, etc., sugar mom should have a good amount of them.
1, control carbohydrate intake appropriate
Control the total amount of carbohydrate intake, including intake, intake time, and the composition of each intake. Total carbohydrate intake should not be too high or too low, should be 60% of the total energy. Total carbohydrate intake in the established, as increasing meal times, reducing food intake for each meal; strictly limit sugar and double single use of sugar, the best choice of polysaccharides, such as rice, cornmeal, etc., while adding some potatoes, taro, yam and other root vegetables mixed food. Since different food sources of carbohydrates in the digestion, absorption, differences in the interaction of food and the resulting difference between blood glucose and insulin responses, mixed diet, so that slow digestion and absorption of sugar, is conducive to disease control.
2, increasing dietary fiber intake
Dietary fiber has good blood glucose lowering effect, studies have shown that regular consumption of high dietary fiber, and fasting glucose levels lower than those who eat less dietary fiber. Vegetables, fruits, seaweed and beans are rich in dietary fiber, especially pectin in a variety of fruits accounted for 40% of dietary fiber, which has strong absorption in the gut form a gel filtration system, which can slow down certain nutrients discharge, extension of food in gastrointestinal emptying time, reducing hunger. Meanwhile, the pectin can reduce the intestinal hormone "stomach suppressing polypeptide" secretion, delaying the absorption of glucose, postprandial blood glucose and serum insulin to decline. Therefore, mothers should eat more vegetables, sugar, fruits. Strawberry, pineapple and kiwi fruit, etc. due to soluble fiber, vitamins and minerals, and could be preferred. But the banana, sugar cane, longan and sugar content of grapes due to the higher, it should not eat. Green leafy vegetables provide a lot of vitamins, minerals and crude fiber, not only can adjust the taste of Sugar Mama, its sugar content is lower, the food can not limit.
3, the protein is not only important to maintain the normal development of the placenta nutrients, but also for normal fetal development is very important
The best food sources of protein in milk, dairy products, eggs, fish and soy products. Protein per kilogram of body weight can be 1.5 to 2 grams, lean meat, fish, beans and bean products rich in protein, can be an appropriate mix of the daily diet.
4, minerals
Iron: Iron is the main blood substances. Mother during pregnancy to add more sugar, iron, fetal liver also need to store more iron in order to leave the mother after birth when they can not get enough iron supplement in time, can own blood. Thus, the mother should eat plenty of sugar and foods high in iron, such as animal liver.
Calcium: Calcium is an essential nutrient, not only the development of the fetal skeleton is very important, as the third trimester increased the absorption of calcium, calcium supplement if the lack of sugar makes the mothers muscle cramps, bone and muscle pain, severe cases will lead to tooth decalcification, bone softening. Therefore, sugar should ensure that mothers day 1200 ~ 1500 mg of calcium supplementation.
Should be food-based, as far as possible to get calcium from the diet, milk and dairy products are the main source of calcium. Other calcium-rich foods are beans and bean products, green vegetables, fish, shrimp, kelp, seaweed, sesame and so on. The most simple way to knock the bone vinegar can be used to make bone in the calcium dissolved in the soup, to the oil soup, excellent results.
Calcium deficiency of sugar mother (such as cow's milk allergy, etc.), can be under the guidance of a doctor taking a certain dose of calcium preparations. But be careful not to overdose.
5, vitamin
Vitamin D: requirements increase during pregnancy, but every day the sun or drink milk fortified with vitamin D.
Folic Acid: pregnancy increased by 2 times the normal requirements, should be eat some more while containing folic acid less impact on blood sugar foods such as green leafy vegetables (spinach and cabbage dishes), beans, animal liver, orange, and all wheat flour.
Vitamin B, C family: requirements increase only slightly, and in many foods have considerable content, which normally does not lack, may need to add.
Saturday, May 1, 2010
Xylitol makes eating more elevated blood lipids
Xylitol also fattening? New Song nutritionist said: Xylitol is white birch and oak and other plants in a natural plant extract sweetener, xylitol is not easy because microbial fermentation acids, it can reduce tooth decay bacteria and tartar production, the prevention of dental caries have some effect.
So many of my friends eat xylitol chewing gum from the start, the feeling that the low calorie xylitol, the xylitol in eating other food, when unrestrained. But in fact, xylitol will eat more fat. And speaking from the physical and chemical properties, xylitol is slightly cool, and it is not stomach enzymes break down directly into the intestines, to eat there will be some more of the gastrointestinal stimulation may cause abdominal discomfort, flatulence, bowel. As the rate of xylitol absorption in the intestine less than 20%, easily accumulate in the intestinal wall, could easily lead to penetration of diarrhea. In the United States and Europe, food containing xylitol, are indicated on the label that "excessive intake may cause diarrhea," such as consumer tips. However, sales of food products in the domestic market, but rarely seen such a logo. Said a well-known chewing gum manufacturers, the production of xylitol chewing gum in the "low levels of xylitol, and not enough to cause diarrhea," so this type of identification "is not necessary." Nevertheless, nutritionists, or warned that the Chinese people's constitution, the day the total intake of xylitol can not be more than 50 grams. Light chewing gum should be no problem, but if a large number of other xylitol eat food, you need to pay attention to the amount of the.
Expert Interpretation: excessive consumption will increase blood lipids
Diabetes because of insulin secretion disorders, can not eat too much sugar, even a small amount of sugar may also cause adverse effects. Currently China has about 30 million diabetes patients, that is, involving about 30 million households to carefully select the food. This also led many businesses to seize the opportunity to make money, mass production of sugar-free food. Thus, there has been more and more "appropriate" diabetes taking food, such as ultra-dry beer, pumpkin juice, sugar-free powdered milk, sugar-free cookies, sugar-free cereals, sugar-free gum, sugarless candy and so on.
Nutritionists say, diabetes patients because they can not eat refined sugar, seasoning to do with xylitol is a good choice. But the need to note that, like xylitol and glucose, of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen composition of three substances in the body release heat after oxidation. Early in the metabolism of xylitol, may not need insulin to participate, but later in the metabolism, you need insulin to promote.
After the consumption of xylitol on the normal blood sugar range and speed than glucose and sucrose, but once the intake of more diabetic patients will have side effects, resulting in elevated blood triglycerides, causing coronary sclerosis, diabetic patients should not be so much food xylitol. Particularly those with insulin-induced hypoglycemia by the people, xylitol is disabled.
So many of my friends eat xylitol chewing gum from the start, the feeling that the low calorie xylitol, the xylitol in eating other food, when unrestrained. But in fact, xylitol will eat more fat. And speaking from the physical and chemical properties, xylitol is slightly cool, and it is not stomach enzymes break down directly into the intestines, to eat there will be some more of the gastrointestinal stimulation may cause abdominal discomfort, flatulence, bowel. As the rate of xylitol absorption in the intestine less than 20%, easily accumulate in the intestinal wall, could easily lead to penetration of diarrhea. In the United States and Europe, food containing xylitol, are indicated on the label that "excessive intake may cause diarrhea," such as consumer tips. However, sales of food products in the domestic market, but rarely seen such a logo. Said a well-known chewing gum manufacturers, the production of xylitol chewing gum in the "low levels of xylitol, and not enough to cause diarrhea," so this type of identification "is not necessary." Nevertheless, nutritionists, or warned that the Chinese people's constitution, the day the total intake of xylitol can not be more than 50 grams. Light chewing gum should be no problem, but if a large number of other xylitol eat food, you need to pay attention to the amount of the.
Expert Interpretation: excessive consumption will increase blood lipids
Diabetes because of insulin secretion disorders, can not eat too much sugar, even a small amount of sugar may also cause adverse effects. Currently China has about 30 million diabetes patients, that is, involving about 30 million households to carefully select the food. This also led many businesses to seize the opportunity to make money, mass production of sugar-free food. Thus, there has been more and more "appropriate" diabetes taking food, such as ultra-dry beer, pumpkin juice, sugar-free powdered milk, sugar-free cookies, sugar-free cereals, sugar-free gum, sugarless candy and so on.
Nutritionists say, diabetes patients because they can not eat refined sugar, seasoning to do with xylitol is a good choice. But the need to note that, like xylitol and glucose, of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen composition of three substances in the body release heat after oxidation. Early in the metabolism of xylitol, may not need insulin to participate, but later in the metabolism, you need insulin to promote.
After the consumption of xylitol on the normal blood sugar range and speed than glucose and sucrose, but once the intake of more diabetic patients will have side effects, resulting in elevated blood triglycerides, causing coronary sclerosis, diabetic patients should not be so much food xylitol. Particularly those with insulin-induced hypoglycemia by the people, xylitol is disabled.
Easy to provoke diabetes eat high protein
Long-term big mouth to eat meat, high protein diet has been questioned, some studies found that the diet will hurt the kidneys and lead to the occurrence of colorectal cancer; now, the latest research indicates that eating red meat (especially processed), and type II diabetes.
Eat less red meat than women, the women ate red meat almost a third higher risk index and type II diabetes; in a large health research study, eat bacon, hot dogs and processed (cooked) meat female, suffering from type II diabetes risk 43% higher.
This is from the Harvard Medical School study group's latest findings, published in the September issue of the "Diabetes Care" journal.
Processing products induced insulin resistance
The researchers tracked more than 37,000 women over 45 years of age, the average observation period of eight years; all the women are joining before the experiment, complete a detailed questionnaire, and all without heart disease, cancer, or type II diabetes.
In the following up, there were 1,560 women who suffer from type II diabetes, the adjusted impact of diabetes related to the formation of other risk factors such as age, weight, and exercise, researchers continue to discover that the amount of consumption of red meat processing, and type II diabetes, the relationship between induced.
Compared to only eat once per week, red meat the women ate five or more red meat per week, of women, were found in the high diabetes risk index by 29%; while the same contrast in the processed meat, the risk index surged to 43%.
Yiqing Song, MD, a research team led by that for processed meat preservatives, additives, and other chemical components, including nitrate and nitrite, or is formed during processing of chemical substances can precipitate insulin resistance.
In addition, iron may play a key role in red meat and processed meat is rich in iron, which previous studies have shown that high iron concentrations and some related type II diabetes; In this experiment, compared with diet a small amount of iron for most women, the highest amount of iron intake of women, high risk of diabetes by 46%.
However, Song said the team physician, and whether the ingestion of red meat or processed meat, while the impact of the mechanism of type II diabetes remains uncertain, requiring further study.
Long-term studies of diabetes, said Frank Hu, MD, the latest research findings and his earlier, and others were the same; Hu, MD, has long been of different kinds of dietary factors on the impact of type II diabetes.
In his latest research published in the last month, mainly specializes in sugary drinks, studies show that regular consumption of high fructose syrup from the soda seasoned, the risk of diabetes than 80%.
Hu, MD, refined sugar, refined flour, and hydrogenated lipids increase the risk of diabetes seems to be the culprit; the prevention and fight against diabetes, the most important food, is the nuts and fiber-rich foods such as whole grains.
He pointed out that vision very clear, but there are still many unanswered questions, dairy products are still highly controversial; some studies show it may have protective effects, but its protective effect compared with nuts and whole grains, are still inferior to many .
Hu, MD, pointed out that the rapid rise in blood sugar can cause those with high blood glucose coefficient (GI) of food, which is worsening diabetes villain; low-carbohydrate, high protein diet also have a high GI value of foods to avoid; However, Dr Hu said, these are not a good choice for reducing the risk of diabetes.
He said that these dietary patterns, the proportion of fiber and whole grains are low, which are phytochemicals, minerals and an important source of antioxidants; these dietary patterns are rich in the saturated fat; Hu, MD Harvard Medical School in Boston School of Public Health associate professor of nutritional epidemiology cum.
American Diabetes Association President Robert Rizza, MD, said that when the researchers to identify a single food and diabetes risk is related, it is very important right, but the "weight control" and "movement" is long enough to risk being proven low-risk two ways.
He said that we can now find a lower risk of suffering from type II diabetes, the most powerful evidence is to maintain physical activity, and maintaining a healthy weight, reduce saturated and hydrogenated fats, as, and more vegetable-based food important step for the process, we do not want people to overlook the importance of a comprehensive healthy lifestyle.
Eat less red meat than women, the women ate red meat almost a third higher risk index and type II diabetes; in a large health research study, eat bacon, hot dogs and processed (cooked) meat female, suffering from type II diabetes risk 43% higher.
This is from the Harvard Medical School study group's latest findings, published in the September issue of the "Diabetes Care" journal.
Processing products induced insulin resistance
The researchers tracked more than 37,000 women over 45 years of age, the average observation period of eight years; all the women are joining before the experiment, complete a detailed questionnaire, and all without heart disease, cancer, or type II diabetes.
In the following up, there were 1,560 women who suffer from type II diabetes, the adjusted impact of diabetes related to the formation of other risk factors such as age, weight, and exercise, researchers continue to discover that the amount of consumption of red meat processing, and type II diabetes, the relationship between induced.
Compared to only eat once per week, red meat the women ate five or more red meat per week, of women, were found in the high diabetes risk index by 29%; while the same contrast in the processed meat, the risk index surged to 43%.
Yiqing Song, MD, a research team led by that for processed meat preservatives, additives, and other chemical components, including nitrate and nitrite, or is formed during processing of chemical substances can precipitate insulin resistance.
In addition, iron may play a key role in red meat and processed meat is rich in iron, which previous studies have shown that high iron concentrations and some related type II diabetes; In this experiment, compared with diet a small amount of iron for most women, the highest amount of iron intake of women, high risk of diabetes by 46%.
However, Song said the team physician, and whether the ingestion of red meat or processed meat, while the impact of the mechanism of type II diabetes remains uncertain, requiring further study.
Long-term studies of diabetes, said Frank Hu, MD, the latest research findings and his earlier, and others were the same; Hu, MD, has long been of different kinds of dietary factors on the impact of type II diabetes.
In his latest research published in the last month, mainly specializes in sugary drinks, studies show that regular consumption of high fructose syrup from the soda seasoned, the risk of diabetes than 80%.
Hu, MD, refined sugar, refined flour, and hydrogenated lipids increase the risk of diabetes seems to be the culprit; the prevention and fight against diabetes, the most important food, is the nuts and fiber-rich foods such as whole grains.
He pointed out that vision very clear, but there are still many unanswered questions, dairy products are still highly controversial; some studies show it may have protective effects, but its protective effect compared with nuts and whole grains, are still inferior to many .
Hu, MD, pointed out that the rapid rise in blood sugar can cause those with high blood glucose coefficient (GI) of food, which is worsening diabetes villain; low-carbohydrate, high protein diet also have a high GI value of foods to avoid; However, Dr Hu said, these are not a good choice for reducing the risk of diabetes.
He said that these dietary patterns, the proportion of fiber and whole grains are low, which are phytochemicals, minerals and an important source of antioxidants; these dietary patterns are rich in the saturated fat; Hu, MD Harvard Medical School in Boston School of Public Health associate professor of nutritional epidemiology cum.
American Diabetes Association President Robert Rizza, MD, said that when the researchers to identify a single food and diabetes risk is related, it is very important right, but the "weight control" and "movement" is long enough to risk being proven low-risk two ways.
He said that we can now find a lower risk of suffering from type II diabetes, the most powerful evidence is to maintain physical activity, and maintaining a healthy weight, reduce saturated and hydrogenated fats, as, and more vegetable-based food important step for the process, we do not want people to overlook the importance of a comprehensive healthy lifestyle.
How much sugar should be reduced to the ideal?
Diabetes, is its rising incidence trend, has become a serious threat to human health, the prevalence of diseases. According to the World Diabetes Federation 2007, published data show that China now has 39.8 million diabetics, is expected by 2025 will reach 59.3 million, of which 90% to 95% of type 2 diabetes; cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, kidney and retina microvascular disease is the most common complications of type 2 diabetes is leading cause of death, cause of disability. Recalling the past, clinical research of diabetes, before the people are two urgent problems: type 2 diabetes blood sugar level should be down to how much? Whether the enhanced blood glucose control can reduce the vascular complications? Current treatment guidelines and the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes guidelines all recommend our type 2 diabetic patients should be glycosylated hemoglobin control to 6.5% or less, but this is mainly the result of speculation based on epidemiological data, the results confirm that there is no drug intervention, the medical sector In anticipation of new evidence-based strategies for clinical medical research to provide more solid evidence.
Beijing June 7, 2008, American Diabetes Association (ADA) 68th Annual Meeting from 20 countries, 11,140 cases of type 2 diabetes participated, so far the largest diabetes study - ADVANCE Study. Well-known New England Journal of Medicine also published the results of the study. ADVANCE study with cardiovascular risk factors for type 2 diabetes to reduce the glycated hemoglobin value of less than 6.5% as treatment goals, evaluating whether the enhanced blood glucose control can further reduce the variety of vascular complications. After 5 years of observation, the study confirmed to gliclazide sustained-release tablets (up to U.S. health tablets) enhanced glucose-based program to achieve a safe hypoglycemic compliance, a significant reduction in major vascular and microvascular Fuge end 10% risk, including cardiovascular death in the end, the most common diabetic incident, the diabetic complications, including kidney disease by up to 21%, albuminuria by 30%, which is a major reduction of cardiovascular death predictors. Meanwhile, the study of serious hypoglycemia was only UKPDS study of 1 / 3, which demonstrate the good safety of the treatment plan. Thus, patients from tablets to gliclazide enhanced glucose-based comprehensive benefit program.
ADVANCE study results for the development of future diabetes treatment strategies provide an important basis, therefore a milestone. Concern is that one-third of the study patients from China, China's diabetes strategy will no doubt provide a more adequate and convincing evidence. Latest from the Chinese Medical Association Diabetes credits will be issued by the Chinese type 2 diabetes prevention guidelines, specifically that control blood sugar in diabetic patients with glycated hemoglobin target is lower than 6.5%, which is the goal of ADVANCE glucose. Therefore, ADVANCE study used to gliclazide tablets based Intensive Glucose programs, safe and effective, worthy of further promotion.
Beijing June 7, 2008, American Diabetes Association (ADA) 68th Annual Meeting from 20 countries, 11,140 cases of type 2 diabetes participated, so far the largest diabetes study - ADVANCE Study. Well-known New England Journal of Medicine also published the results of the study. ADVANCE study with cardiovascular risk factors for type 2 diabetes to reduce the glycated hemoglobin value of less than 6.5% as treatment goals, evaluating whether the enhanced blood glucose control can further reduce the variety of vascular complications. After 5 years of observation, the study confirmed to gliclazide sustained-release tablets (up to U.S. health tablets) enhanced glucose-based program to achieve a safe hypoglycemic compliance, a significant reduction in major vascular and microvascular Fuge end 10% risk, including cardiovascular death in the end, the most common diabetic incident, the diabetic complications, including kidney disease by up to 21%, albuminuria by 30%, which is a major reduction of cardiovascular death predictors. Meanwhile, the study of serious hypoglycemia was only UKPDS study of 1 / 3, which demonstrate the good safety of the treatment plan. Thus, patients from tablets to gliclazide enhanced glucose-based comprehensive benefit program.
ADVANCE study results for the development of future diabetes treatment strategies provide an important basis, therefore a milestone. Concern is that one-third of the study patients from China, China's diabetes strategy will no doubt provide a more adequate and convincing evidence. Latest from the Chinese Medical Association Diabetes credits will be issued by the Chinese type 2 diabetes prevention guidelines, specifically that control blood sugar in diabetic patients with glycated hemoglobin target is lower than 6.5%, which is the goal of ADVANCE glucose. Therefore, ADVANCE study used to gliclazide tablets based Intensive Glucose programs, safe and effective, worthy of further promotion.
New Method for treatment of diabetes more than
According to the Ministry of Health survey, China now there are at least 34 million diabetics, accounting for 2.6% of the total population.
In the 30 years ago, the figure was only 0.7%. According to the World Health Organization predicts that by 2025 the world will have 300 million diabetes patients, while China is likely to become diabetic, "superpower."
Experts have long suggested that diabetes is a "source of sickness" in a variety of chronic diseases, diabetes is the most painful for patients. In order to sustain life, the patient can not do without daily insulin and drugs; because the body lacks insulin or the body does not use insulin, patients are often hesitant to eat, casual move, always worried about blood sugar, life-threatening; In addition, Diabetes also affects blood vessels and nervous system, causing high blood pressure, stroke and other diseases --- can be said, have diabetes, human life becomes fragile.
Great harm because of diabetes, the incidence of more serious, therefore, overcome diabetes and make diabetes more relaxed life, has been the focus of the international medical community. Conquering diabetes in the end how long? With this issue, the domestic newspaper reporters in the field of diabetes research and treatment of several experts, the same time, newspaper reporters in the Danish research in diabetes is a global leader Dan Mainuo Nordisk to contact, interview the vice president and chief scientific officer Maizi hole Sigma Dr. Tang Musen.
Drug: control blood sugar more "intelligent"
At Copenhagen, Denmark Novo Nordisk headquarters, reporters saw Dr. Tang Musen. He is a quick thinking, and often people can not keep up the rhythm of diabetes experts. Interview, he told reporters on the road in the conquest of diabetes, scientists have made the latest developments.
Dr. Tang Musen told reporters that one of the biggest troubles with diabetes not on insulin to move on from dependency, so scientists have been studying how to reduce diabetic medication visits and also increase the drug's safety. He said that recently, one called glucagon-like peptide -1 of the natural hormone has been of great concern to the medical profession, the use of this material, we can develop a more secure, convenient diabetic drugs. He told reporters that there is a body called glucagon substances will stimulate glycogenolysis to glucose levels. In eating, gut will release glucagon-like peptide -1. On the one hand on the role of the brain to reduce appetite; the one hand, stimulates the body to secrete insulin, suppress glucagon, lower blood sugar.
Dr. Tang Musen that processed glucagon-like peptide -1 24 hours to take effect in the human body as long as the blood glucose level higher than normal, it can be mobilized, "suppress" blood sugar. Moreover, and insulin than taking glucagon-like peptide -1 drugs can blood sugar down to normal levels, then medication will no longer have an effect; the insulin dose must be carefully controlled, because excessive nitrogen will lead to low blood sugar, severe life-threatening. Obesity is the cause of type 2 diabetes is an important factor, glucagon-like peptide -1 can suppress appetite, but also conducive to weight loss. Dr. Thomson, if goes well, glucagon-like peptide -1 drug
Materials will be available this winter for the third phase of clinical trials. In addition, the reporter also learned that some new drugs will focus placed to help patients get rid of the pain of the needle injection. Indian experts have developed an oral medication, to encapsulate insulin, has been released into the intestine before. In addition, scientists also developed a package of insulin, patients can "absorb" the way of insulin. It is reported that the drug will be listed this year.
Surgery: cell transplantation for patients with insulin-free
In addition to actively developing new drugs, through surgery and other aspects of diabetes, scientists have also made no small achievement. British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) report, from last September to the end of January this year, Britain has a 61-year-old Mingjiaolaien type 1 diabetes patients received 3 islet β cell transplant. Now, in addition to regularly take anti-rejection drugs he has no need to inject insulin up. He said: "I feel like a changed man." King's College London medical experts believe that, for type 1 diabetes, this is an exciting news. It is reported that Japan, Canada and other countries have carried out such transplant. Among them, Japan's first female patient transplanted islet β cells in the mother, 22 days after surgery to get rid of the insulin.
Dr. Tang Musen also noted that Novo Nordisk is studying the artificial pancreas. Artificial pancreas is mounted on the body's micro-devices, real-time detection of blood glucose levels, then the release of insulin based on test results, the patients, a convenient and timely. Dr. Tang Musen optimistic that these results will significantly improve the lives of diabetics. The reporters also learned that scientists at the University of California, is also studying artificial pancreas.
Early diagnosis: The new method improves the detection rate
Treatment of diabetes continues to improve at the same time, the early detection of diabetes have also been seen. Cadres from Beijing Tongren Hospital's Medical Section, where the attending physician Zhou Jian understand that about 80% of diabetes patients is found in the examination, to identify the problem, many people have been very ill. He believes that this figure adequately illustrates the importance of early diagnosis. Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Professor Jia Weiping told reporters: "There is about 50% of diabetes patients appears quite normal, loud, red, move easily, if not to the hospital for tests, it may not even know that they got sick, naturally not take treatment measures. "
The current comprehensive study mainly diabetes screening fasting plasma glucose and postprandial glucose, and then make a diagnosis. Duke University researchers have invented a name HgA1c early diagnosis of type 2 diabetes means the body by detecting the six weeks the average blood glucose level to screen for diabetes, to improve the detection accuracy. Their 1235 high risk groups of subjects were examined and found that 4.5% of people with diabetes, the final detection rate of 75%, while using traditional screening methods, many patients have shown "no disease."
In addition to HgA1c detection, scientific director of the South African Medical Research Council has also invented a type 2 diabetes detection: determination of blood insulin and insulin ratio before. Before the insulin is a protein secreted by the pancreas, transformed into insulin, but patients with type 2 diabetes before insulin but does not become insulin. Therefore, by detecting the ratio of two substances, you can find diabetes.
Also 23 years to conquer diabetes
With so many drugs, surgical and diagnostic methods, then, to conquer diabetes, the most fundamental way is what? Dr. Tang Musen that the cure for this disease hope in stem cells. "Stem cells can grow into any cell." He told reporters, stem cells can produce insulin into pancreatic β cells should only be a matter of time, and now the key is to find ways transform. He pointed out that to complete the stem cells into pancreatic β cells, is about 20 years, they need to conduct clinical trials for 10 years, that is, to cure diabetes, and have to wait 23 years. He told reporters that for now, type 2 diabetes is most likely to be the first radical. From the China expert on diabetes, diabetes credits the Chinese Medical Association, chairman of items where the learned academician Kunsan, China's diabetes patients, 85% of people suffer from type 2 diabetes. Therefore, Thomson predicted Dr. diabetes in China is undoubtedly a good news.
In addition to stem cells, gene therapy is currently the focus of global concern. Item academician told reporters that China had approximately 5% of people with diabetes have the special type. This diabetes is a gene of a human body, "bad" caused by single gene mutations, also known as diabetes. Now, international studies have it as a breakthrough to a single gene through the problems caused by diabetes, and multiple genes causing type 2 diabetes also have conquered the hope.
In addition, the reporter also learned that foreign scientists are studying diabetes vaccine. Recently, King's College London University of Bristol, prepared jointly with the world's first human trials of type 1 diabetes vaccine. This vaccine into human blood, the effect of protecting cells, blocking the white blood cells destroy β cells. If successful, will diabetes research a major step forward.
Chinese people prone to diabetes than Westerners
Although diabetes is a worldwide topic, but Dr. Tang Musen that Chinese people pay particular attention to prevention and treatment of diabetes. He said that as East and West of the gene, the Chinese are more likely to develop diabetes. 30% of Americans are fat and body weight only when the risk of diabetes, while China may have 23% of body weight is fat, he had already suffering from type 2 diabetes was. In addition, he also told reporters that China's rural areas, 2% -3% of people suffering from diabetes, the prevalence of Beijing and other places even close to 10%, and most patients did not receive good treatment. 2030, China may increase the number of people with diabetes doubled to 70 million. Professor Jia Weiping pointed out that from the perspective of China's population distribution, family history of diabetes, more fat (especially belly big, thin legs), 45 over the age of high risk groups. Mental and work pressure, entertainment and more people have a relatively high incidence.
Dr. Tang Musen told reporters, according to surveys, 58% of the world of diabetes and obesity, in some countries, this ratio is as high as 90%. Now, many Chinese people who blindly follow the Western way of life: eating high-calorie food, car travel, the result more and more obese, the rising incidence of diabetes. He was with concern that in accepting the training of people to prevent diabetes, only 1/4-1/3 people living in accordance with guidance to improve, therefore, have to carry on educational work. Professor Jia Weiping said, as long as diabetes and to take effective treatment, adhere to a healthy lifestyle, not only able to live a happy life, but also longevity.
In the 30 years ago, the figure was only 0.7%. According to the World Health Organization predicts that by 2025 the world will have 300 million diabetes patients, while China is likely to become diabetic, "superpower."
Experts have long suggested that diabetes is a "source of sickness" in a variety of chronic diseases, diabetes is the most painful for patients. In order to sustain life, the patient can not do without daily insulin and drugs; because the body lacks insulin or the body does not use insulin, patients are often hesitant to eat, casual move, always worried about blood sugar, life-threatening; In addition, Diabetes also affects blood vessels and nervous system, causing high blood pressure, stroke and other diseases --- can be said, have diabetes, human life becomes fragile.
Great harm because of diabetes, the incidence of more serious, therefore, overcome diabetes and make diabetes more relaxed life, has been the focus of the international medical community. Conquering diabetes in the end how long? With this issue, the domestic newspaper reporters in the field of diabetes research and treatment of several experts, the same time, newspaper reporters in the Danish research in diabetes is a global leader Dan Mainuo Nordisk to contact, interview the vice president and chief scientific officer Maizi hole Sigma Dr. Tang Musen.
Drug: control blood sugar more "intelligent"
At Copenhagen, Denmark Novo Nordisk headquarters, reporters saw Dr. Tang Musen. He is a quick thinking, and often people can not keep up the rhythm of diabetes experts. Interview, he told reporters on the road in the conquest of diabetes, scientists have made the latest developments.
Dr. Tang Musen told reporters that one of the biggest troubles with diabetes not on insulin to move on from dependency, so scientists have been studying how to reduce diabetic medication visits and also increase the drug's safety. He said that recently, one called glucagon-like peptide -1 of the natural hormone has been of great concern to the medical profession, the use of this material, we can develop a more secure, convenient diabetic drugs. He told reporters that there is a body called glucagon substances will stimulate glycogenolysis to glucose levels. In eating, gut will release glucagon-like peptide -1. On the one hand on the role of the brain to reduce appetite; the one hand, stimulates the body to secrete insulin, suppress glucagon, lower blood sugar.
Dr. Tang Musen that processed glucagon-like peptide -1 24 hours to take effect in the human body as long as the blood glucose level higher than normal, it can be mobilized, "suppress" blood sugar. Moreover, and insulin than taking glucagon-like peptide -1 drugs can blood sugar down to normal levels, then medication will no longer have an effect; the insulin dose must be carefully controlled, because excessive nitrogen will lead to low blood sugar, severe life-threatening. Obesity is the cause of type 2 diabetes is an important factor, glucagon-like peptide -1 can suppress appetite, but also conducive to weight loss. Dr. Thomson, if goes well, glucagon-like peptide -1 drug
Materials will be available this winter for the third phase of clinical trials. In addition, the reporter also learned that some new drugs will focus placed to help patients get rid of the pain of the needle injection. Indian experts have developed an oral medication, to encapsulate insulin, has been released into the intestine before. In addition, scientists also developed a package of insulin, patients can "absorb" the way of insulin. It is reported that the drug will be listed this year.
Surgery: cell transplantation for patients with insulin-free
In addition to actively developing new drugs, through surgery and other aspects of diabetes, scientists have also made no small achievement. British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) report, from last September to the end of January this year, Britain has a 61-year-old Mingjiaolaien type 1 diabetes patients received 3 islet β cell transplant. Now, in addition to regularly take anti-rejection drugs he has no need to inject insulin up. He said: "I feel like a changed man." King's College London medical experts believe that, for type 1 diabetes, this is an exciting news. It is reported that Japan, Canada and other countries have carried out such transplant. Among them, Japan's first female patient transplanted islet β cells in the mother, 22 days after surgery to get rid of the insulin.
Dr. Tang Musen also noted that Novo Nordisk is studying the artificial pancreas. Artificial pancreas is mounted on the body's micro-devices, real-time detection of blood glucose levels, then the release of insulin based on test results, the patients, a convenient and timely. Dr. Tang Musen optimistic that these results will significantly improve the lives of diabetics. The reporters also learned that scientists at the University of California, is also studying artificial pancreas.
Early diagnosis: The new method improves the detection rate
Treatment of diabetes continues to improve at the same time, the early detection of diabetes have also been seen. Cadres from Beijing Tongren Hospital's Medical Section, where the attending physician Zhou Jian understand that about 80% of diabetes patients is found in the examination, to identify the problem, many people have been very ill. He believes that this figure adequately illustrates the importance of early diagnosis. Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Professor Jia Weiping told reporters: "There is about 50% of diabetes patients appears quite normal, loud, red, move easily, if not to the hospital for tests, it may not even know that they got sick, naturally not take treatment measures. "
The current comprehensive study mainly diabetes screening fasting plasma glucose and postprandial glucose, and then make a diagnosis. Duke University researchers have invented a name HgA1c early diagnosis of type 2 diabetes means the body by detecting the six weeks the average blood glucose level to screen for diabetes, to improve the detection accuracy. Their 1235 high risk groups of subjects were examined and found that 4.5% of people with diabetes, the final detection rate of 75%, while using traditional screening methods, many patients have shown "no disease."
In addition to HgA1c detection, scientific director of the South African Medical Research Council has also invented a type 2 diabetes detection: determination of blood insulin and insulin ratio before. Before the insulin is a protein secreted by the pancreas, transformed into insulin, but patients with type 2 diabetes before insulin but does not become insulin. Therefore, by detecting the ratio of two substances, you can find diabetes.
Also 23 years to conquer diabetes
With so many drugs, surgical and diagnostic methods, then, to conquer diabetes, the most fundamental way is what? Dr. Tang Musen that the cure for this disease hope in stem cells. "Stem cells can grow into any cell." He told reporters, stem cells can produce insulin into pancreatic β cells should only be a matter of time, and now the key is to find ways transform. He pointed out that to complete the stem cells into pancreatic β cells, is about 20 years, they need to conduct clinical trials for 10 years, that is, to cure diabetes, and have to wait 23 years. He told reporters that for now, type 2 diabetes is most likely to be the first radical. From the China expert on diabetes, diabetes credits the Chinese Medical Association, chairman of items where the learned academician Kunsan, China's diabetes patients, 85% of people suffer from type 2 diabetes. Therefore, Thomson predicted Dr. diabetes in China is undoubtedly a good news.
In addition to stem cells, gene therapy is currently the focus of global concern. Item academician told reporters that China had approximately 5% of people with diabetes have the special type. This diabetes is a gene of a human body, "bad" caused by single gene mutations, also known as diabetes. Now, international studies have it as a breakthrough to a single gene through the problems caused by diabetes, and multiple genes causing type 2 diabetes also have conquered the hope.
In addition, the reporter also learned that foreign scientists are studying diabetes vaccine. Recently, King's College London University of Bristol, prepared jointly with the world's first human trials of type 1 diabetes vaccine. This vaccine into human blood, the effect of protecting cells, blocking the white blood cells destroy β cells. If successful, will diabetes research a major step forward.
Chinese people prone to diabetes than Westerners
Although diabetes is a worldwide topic, but Dr. Tang Musen that Chinese people pay particular attention to prevention and treatment of diabetes. He said that as East and West of the gene, the Chinese are more likely to develop diabetes. 30% of Americans are fat and body weight only when the risk of diabetes, while China may have 23% of body weight is fat, he had already suffering from type 2 diabetes was. In addition, he also told reporters that China's rural areas, 2% -3% of people suffering from diabetes, the prevalence of Beijing and other places even close to 10%, and most patients did not receive good treatment. 2030, China may increase the number of people with diabetes doubled to 70 million. Professor Jia Weiping pointed out that from the perspective of China's population distribution, family history of diabetes, more fat (especially belly big, thin legs), 45 over the age of high risk groups. Mental and work pressure, entertainment and more people have a relatively high incidence.
Dr. Tang Musen told reporters, according to surveys, 58% of the world of diabetes and obesity, in some countries, this ratio is as high as 90%. Now, many Chinese people who blindly follow the Western way of life: eating high-calorie food, car travel, the result more and more obese, the rising incidence of diabetes. He was with concern that in accepting the training of people to prevent diabetes, only 1/4-1/3 people living in accordance with guidance to improve, therefore, have to carry on educational work. Professor Jia Weiping said, as long as diabetes and to take effective treatment, adhere to a healthy lifestyle, not only able to live a happy life, but also longevity.
Super 8 hours of sleep a day susceptibility to diabetes
Sleep too long mental decline
Life, people often complain that they sleep too little, so dizzy, tired. Therefore, most people would think that fatigue should be sleeping, sleeping more, the better the human spirit. In fact, this concept is completely wrong.
China Sleep Association, experts point out that lack of sleep and sleep too long, like, can lead to Shenpi, physical fatigue, reduced metabolic rate. After sleeping for too long because people will slow down the heart beat, the same metabolic rate will drop very low, while the muscle will relax. Over time this way, people will become lazy, weak, or even intelligence would also fall. So, that want to increase sleep time to get the concept of health is not only incorrect, but also counterproductive, reducing life expectancy.
Super 8 hours of sleep a day susceptibility to diabetes
In addition to shortened life span, the sleep too much or too little, it will increase diseases. According to one study, sleep too long or too short, have the potential to induce diabetes.
The study report, is more than 1,100 middle-aged men conducted a tracking survey of sleep come, sleep duration and diabetes to identify the relationship between. In the beginning of the study, these respondents did not have diabetes. Researchers to consider the age, blood pressure, smoking history and other factors in obesity and found that night's sleep 7-8 hours a time, the body is most healthy. However, if less than 6 hours of sleep per night, the risk of diabetes will increase by about 2-fold; If more than 8 hours sleep, the risk of diabetes will increase three times more.
Life, people often complain that they sleep too little, so dizzy, tired. Therefore, most people would think that fatigue should be sleeping, sleeping more, the better the human spirit. In fact, this concept is completely wrong.
China Sleep Association, experts point out that lack of sleep and sleep too long, like, can lead to Shenpi, physical fatigue, reduced metabolic rate. After sleeping for too long because people will slow down the heart beat, the same metabolic rate will drop very low, while the muscle will relax. Over time this way, people will become lazy, weak, or even intelligence would also fall. So, that want to increase sleep time to get the concept of health is not only incorrect, but also counterproductive, reducing life expectancy.
Super 8 hours of sleep a day susceptibility to diabetes
In addition to shortened life span, the sleep too much or too little, it will increase diseases. According to one study, sleep too long or too short, have the potential to induce diabetes.
The study report, is more than 1,100 middle-aged men conducted a tracking survey of sleep come, sleep duration and diabetes to identify the relationship between. In the beginning of the study, these respondents did not have diabetes. Researchers to consider the age, blood pressure, smoking history and other factors in obesity and found that night's sleep 7-8 hours a time, the body is most healthy. However, if less than 6 hours of sleep per night, the risk of diabetes will increase by about 2-fold; If more than 8 hours sleep, the risk of diabetes will increase three times more.
You stay up all night fluctuation of blood glucose sugar
Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, MD, Shu-Yi Shu, Deputy Director pointed out that diabetes blood sugar under control if it is to be more stable, we must uphold the law of life, this one very important thing is to develop good sleep habits.
Fluctuation of blood sugar often stay up all night
Lo is the boss of a foreign-funded enterprises last year, suffering from a physical type Ⅱ diabetes. Practitioner, told him to diet, increasing exercise, the service opened its mouth to hypoglycemic drugs back to him. Months passed, though in strict accordance with your medicines, but Lo's blood sugar has been controlled not so good, large fluctuations in blood glucose levels. In this regard, he was anxious, even suspect that he is not suffering from other diseases. After careful inquiry doctors discovered that, Mr. Lu habits very laws of the company's business was busy every day, often working overtime, staying up late is common, because at night to work late, sleep late morning, naturally became commonplace. According to his condition, doctors believe that fluctuating blood sugar and his bad habits and the often sleep late. To smooth hypoglycemic, he must rationalize its work, develop regular habits, get rid of problems staying up late up late.
Expert advice: the best friends of sugar to fall asleep before 10 pm
For busy, entertainment, and entertainment for various reasons, many people sacrifice sleep time, and then rely on such free time to sleep late and then feel up other ways to come back, this habit has become a lot of white-collar way of life . Occasionally, a Lanjue sleep for most healthy people, no big problems, but with diabetes, the condition is likely to increase, increase blood glucose fluctuations.
4:00 to 9:00, is most likely to increase the time blood sugar. If the morning does not get up, not taking time to eat, blood sugar throughout the day the law will be completely disrupted, lead to significantly increased blood sugar, increase the burden on the kidneys, followed by blood glucose fluctuations, increased vascular damage, but also increase the disease.
In addition to elevated blood sugar can cause outside, insulin injections for some patients, the lie-in may cause low blood sugar reactions. Particularly in patients taking the long-acting insulin, if the morning do not get up in time to eat the night before injection of drugs is still functioning, it is easy to hypoglycemia. For older people with diabetes, the sleep of low blood sugar can cause coma, severe and even endanger the lives of patients.
Therefore, diabetic patients should be stable blood glucose, should be to change bad sleep habits. Not too late at night time, preferably before 10 am, while the next morning at 6 am to get up between 8 am and will keep the daily sleep 8 hours or so. Even if the work needs, but also try not to disrupt sleep patterns, not to take medicine on time delay injection. If you sleep late the night before, the next morning needs "Bu Bu Jue", preferably up before 8:00, taking hypoglycemic drugs or insulin and eat breakfast, sleep a "returning sense", so as to try to ensure that the impact of changes in blood glucose from sleep.
Change the lie-in habits, away from the risk of diabetes
Develop good sleep habits not only help maintain normal body weight (many stay up all night after working overtime family found itself not only tired, thin, but "the more intense the more fat"), but also the body from diabetes.
One study found that long-term sleep too long or too short of people, the probability of diabetes than people who sleep normally. The results showed that less than 5 hours sleep a day person, the probability of diabetes is 2.5 times the standard population; sleep more than nine hours a day who is about 1.7 times the standard population.
Therefore, when a night owl and work Superman and undesirable, obesity and family history of diabetes or high-risk groups, but also to change the habit of staying up late and sleep late, reducing the risk of diabetes.
Fluctuation of blood sugar often stay up all night
Lo is the boss of a foreign-funded enterprises last year, suffering from a physical type Ⅱ diabetes. Practitioner, told him to diet, increasing exercise, the service opened its mouth to hypoglycemic drugs back to him. Months passed, though in strict accordance with your medicines, but Lo's blood sugar has been controlled not so good, large fluctuations in blood glucose levels. In this regard, he was anxious, even suspect that he is not suffering from other diseases. After careful inquiry doctors discovered that, Mr. Lu habits very laws of the company's business was busy every day, often working overtime, staying up late is common, because at night to work late, sleep late morning, naturally became commonplace. According to his condition, doctors believe that fluctuating blood sugar and his bad habits and the often sleep late. To smooth hypoglycemic, he must rationalize its work, develop regular habits, get rid of problems staying up late up late.
Expert advice: the best friends of sugar to fall asleep before 10 pm
For busy, entertainment, and entertainment for various reasons, many people sacrifice sleep time, and then rely on such free time to sleep late and then feel up other ways to come back, this habit has become a lot of white-collar way of life . Occasionally, a Lanjue sleep for most healthy people, no big problems, but with diabetes, the condition is likely to increase, increase blood glucose fluctuations.
4:00 to 9:00, is most likely to increase the time blood sugar. If the morning does not get up, not taking time to eat, blood sugar throughout the day the law will be completely disrupted, lead to significantly increased blood sugar, increase the burden on the kidneys, followed by blood glucose fluctuations, increased vascular damage, but also increase the disease.
In addition to elevated blood sugar can cause outside, insulin injections for some patients, the lie-in may cause low blood sugar reactions. Particularly in patients taking the long-acting insulin, if the morning do not get up in time to eat the night before injection of drugs is still functioning, it is easy to hypoglycemia. For older people with diabetes, the sleep of low blood sugar can cause coma, severe and even endanger the lives of patients.
Therefore, diabetic patients should be stable blood glucose, should be to change bad sleep habits. Not too late at night time, preferably before 10 am, while the next morning at 6 am to get up between 8 am and will keep the daily sleep 8 hours or so. Even if the work needs, but also try not to disrupt sleep patterns, not to take medicine on time delay injection. If you sleep late the night before, the next morning needs "Bu Bu Jue", preferably up before 8:00, taking hypoglycemic drugs or insulin and eat breakfast, sleep a "returning sense", so as to try to ensure that the impact of changes in blood glucose from sleep.
Change the lie-in habits, away from the risk of diabetes
Develop good sleep habits not only help maintain normal body weight (many stay up all night after working overtime family found itself not only tired, thin, but "the more intense the more fat"), but also the body from diabetes.
One study found that long-term sleep too long or too short of people, the probability of diabetes than people who sleep normally. The results showed that less than 5 hours sleep a day person, the probability of diabetes is 2.5 times the standard population; sleep more than nine hours a day who is about 1.7 times the standard population.
Therefore, when a night owl and work Superman and undesirable, obesity and family history of diabetes or high-risk groups, but also to change the habit of staying up late and sleep late, reducing the risk of diabetes.
Do not be deceived by sugar-free yogurt
Because of unstable blood sugar in diabetic people, free bottle of yogurt drink is a luxury. Target market, businesses have launched a sugar-free yogurt, sugar You still did not expect was 忽悠 the.
Nanjing Li diabetes have up to twelve years, and usually his own pay special attention to diet and lifestyle, so sick so long, he has good control of blood glucose. But recently, Mr. Lee found that, since the consumption of dairy production in Nanjing Yamada, a high calcium diet yogurt brand, the blood glucose began to rise up and unstable.
According to the company after-sales service department, a responsible person, Yamada license sugar-free yogurt with calcium is not the ordinary sugar, but aspartame, aspartame in the metabolic process will not impact on blood sugar.
Department of Endocrinology, PLA 305 Hospital, Chief Physician Zhu Kaisi, said: "Aspartame is the rise of a new sweetener, which is mainly composed of two amino acid protein that we call it vulgar sugar, aspartame intake of the human body after through the normal metabolism of the human body, broken down into two amino acids, amino acids entering the human body's amino acid cycle, can be metabolized, it should be said is safe for diabetics. "
Since the metabolism of the body away, why would cause fluctuations in blood sugar diabetes do?
Zhu Kaisi doctors believe that sugar-free yogurt and manufacturers called the true meaning of diabetes on the need to "sugar-free" is different. Because yogurt is milk as raw material, dominated by microbial fermentation, itself contains a lot of lactose, which is lactose in the fermentation process, in part by the use of micro-organisms, into lactic acid and other metabolites, as well as part of the lactose will residue, strictly speaking, this is not true sugar-free yogurt, yogurt, so will affect blood sugar.
Nanjing Li diabetes have up to twelve years, and usually his own pay special attention to diet and lifestyle, so sick so long, he has good control of blood glucose. But recently, Mr. Lee found that, since the consumption of dairy production in Nanjing Yamada, a high calcium diet yogurt brand, the blood glucose began to rise up and unstable.
According to the company after-sales service department, a responsible person, Yamada license sugar-free yogurt with calcium is not the ordinary sugar, but aspartame, aspartame in the metabolic process will not impact on blood sugar.
Department of Endocrinology, PLA 305 Hospital, Chief Physician Zhu Kaisi, said: "Aspartame is the rise of a new sweetener, which is mainly composed of two amino acid protein that we call it vulgar sugar, aspartame intake of the human body after through the normal metabolism of the human body, broken down into two amino acids, amino acids entering the human body's amino acid cycle, can be metabolized, it should be said is safe for diabetics. "
Since the metabolism of the body away, why would cause fluctuations in blood sugar diabetes do?
Zhu Kaisi doctors believe that sugar-free yogurt and manufacturers called the true meaning of diabetes on the need to "sugar-free" is different. Because yogurt is milk as raw material, dominated by microbial fermentation, itself contains a lot of lactose, which is lactose in the fermentation process, in part by the use of micro-organisms, into lactic acid and other metabolites, as well as part of the lactose will residue, strictly speaking, this is not true sugar-free yogurt, yogurt, so will affect blood sugar.
You? I? Him? Who is easier to get into diabetes?
As the obesity population growth and an average life expectancy of diabetic population of 2010, China will jump to 80 million to 1 billion people, and the increased trend in patients with younger age. This mammoth reserve army of diabetes if there are you familiar figure?
We easily have diabetes, but glucose is still normal population as diabetes, high risk.
10 factors likely to cause diabetes
* Age over 40 years
Increased risk of diabetes. To this age should have annual check urine glucose, glucose tolerance, blood glucose, blood lipids, blood pressure, which is very important to early detection of diabetes.
* People who have family history of diabetes
Parents, children or siblings who have diabetes, namely family history of diabetes. Type 2 diabetes 1 / 3 of future generations will be manifested as diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance; parents with type 2 diabetes, estimated future generations of 60 years of age, diabetes occur in approximately 50%, 12% with impaired glucose tolerance ; the mother's genetic tendency to diabetes than the father; children of parents with diabetes, diabetes at earlier ages than children of parents without diabetes.
* Obesity
Type 2 diabetes risk was positively correlated with obesity, obesity, longer duration, the more severe the higher the risk of diabetes, especially abdominal obesity (male waist circumference ≥ 90 cm, female waist circumference ≥ 80 cm) in patients 2 greater risk of diabetes.
Items under the Chinese Academy of Engineering, Kun-third-person research has shown that visceral obesity is a cause of type 2 diabetes, one of the most important reason. In general, obese body mass index in adults over 25 only prone to visceral obesity, but 14% of the non-obese Chinese adults, but also with visceral obesity, the Chinese people easily in visceral fat deposits around the product, so more susceptible to type 2 diabetes.
Obesity causes insulin resistance, insulin resistance likely to cause excessive insulin secretion, insulin secretion can not be sustained over a long time, pancreatic islet cells will eventually be overwhelmed by the failure occurred, triggering diabetes.
* Impaired glucose tolerance
Fasting plasma glucose in the 6.1 ~ 6.9 mmol / l or 2-hour postprandial blood glucose in the 7.8 ~ 11.0 mmol / upgraded to "impaired glucose tolerance", China's more than 20 years of age who have more than 5% of impaired glucose tolerance. Without timely intervention, lifestyle changes, "impaired glucose tolerance," who will be the rate of 10% a year into type 2 diabetes, and easily lead to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
* Fasting plasma glucose level higher than 5.6 mmol / l
* Called metabolic syndrome or insulin resistance syndrome
Is caused by a variety of substances (sugar, fat, protein)-based metabolic disease. Including high weight, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, high blood cholesterol, high uric acid, high blood viscosity, hyperinsulinemia, micro-albuminuria, fatty liver 9. If someone has three or more of them can be said that he is the metabolic syndrome. This is not high even if blood sugar is high risk of diabetes.
* Lack of physical activity or a high-calorie diet who
High intake of dietary calories and irrational structure and lack of physical activity, easily lead to obesity and lower insulin sensitivity, can promote diabetes.
* Have had high blood sugar or urine sugar was positive is at risk of diabetes
Such a situation who want to regularly check blood sugar, urine sugar, found to be not normal to take timely measures.
* Birth to more than 8 kg of children with great women
Have relatively large risk of diabetes.
* Birth weight less than 5 kg were
Islet development problems, suffering from metabolic syndrome, diabetes, coronary heart disease, high blood pressure high probability.
Relative to the great difficulty and danger of diabetes cure, so long as the establishment of good habits, to strengthen health awareness and prevention of diabetes is entirely possible.
We easily have diabetes, but glucose is still normal population as diabetes, high risk.
10 factors likely to cause diabetes
* Age over 40 years
Increased risk of diabetes. To this age should have annual check urine glucose, glucose tolerance, blood glucose, blood lipids, blood pressure, which is very important to early detection of diabetes.
* People who have family history of diabetes
Parents, children or siblings who have diabetes, namely family history of diabetes. Type 2 diabetes 1 / 3 of future generations will be manifested as diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance; parents with type 2 diabetes, estimated future generations of 60 years of age, diabetes occur in approximately 50%, 12% with impaired glucose tolerance ; the mother's genetic tendency to diabetes than the father; children of parents with diabetes, diabetes at earlier ages than children of parents without diabetes.
* Obesity
Type 2 diabetes risk was positively correlated with obesity, obesity, longer duration, the more severe the higher the risk of diabetes, especially abdominal obesity (male waist circumference ≥ 90 cm, female waist circumference ≥ 80 cm) in patients 2 greater risk of diabetes.
Items under the Chinese Academy of Engineering, Kun-third-person research has shown that visceral obesity is a cause of type 2 diabetes, one of the most important reason. In general, obese body mass index in adults over 25 only prone to visceral obesity, but 14% of the non-obese Chinese adults, but also with visceral obesity, the Chinese people easily in visceral fat deposits around the product, so more susceptible to type 2 diabetes.
Obesity causes insulin resistance, insulin resistance likely to cause excessive insulin secretion, insulin secretion can not be sustained over a long time, pancreatic islet cells will eventually be overwhelmed by the failure occurred, triggering diabetes.
* Impaired glucose tolerance
Fasting plasma glucose in the 6.1 ~ 6.9 mmol / l or 2-hour postprandial blood glucose in the 7.8 ~ 11.0 mmol / upgraded to "impaired glucose tolerance", China's more than 20 years of age who have more than 5% of impaired glucose tolerance. Without timely intervention, lifestyle changes, "impaired glucose tolerance," who will be the rate of 10% a year into type 2 diabetes, and easily lead to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
* Fasting plasma glucose level higher than 5.6 mmol / l
* Called metabolic syndrome or insulin resistance syndrome
Is caused by a variety of substances (sugar, fat, protein)-based metabolic disease. Including high weight, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, high blood cholesterol, high uric acid, high blood viscosity, hyperinsulinemia, micro-albuminuria, fatty liver 9. If someone has three or more of them can be said that he is the metabolic syndrome. This is not high even if blood sugar is high risk of diabetes.
* Lack of physical activity or a high-calorie diet who
High intake of dietary calories and irrational structure and lack of physical activity, easily lead to obesity and lower insulin sensitivity, can promote diabetes.
* Have had high blood sugar or urine sugar was positive is at risk of diabetes
Such a situation who want to regularly check blood sugar, urine sugar, found to be not normal to take timely measures.
* Birth to more than 8 kg of children with great women
Have relatively large risk of diabetes.
* Birth weight less than 5 kg were
Islet development problems, suffering from metabolic syndrome, diabetes, coronary heart disease, high blood pressure high probability.
Relative to the great difficulty and danger of diabetes cure, so long as the establishment of good habits, to strengthen health awareness and prevention of diabetes is entirely possible.
Insulin pump on the "Sugar Mama" better?
A retrospective case-control study showed that pregnant women on diabetes, insulin pump therapy and multiple insulin injection therapy in glycemic control, maternal and perinatal health care costs and other effects and no significant differences in many aspects.
From the University of Washington Medical Center, Dr. Steven Gabbe and his colleagues on the insulin pump and multiple insulin injection treatment effects and costs were evaluated.
Since nearly 20 years since the invention of insulin pump therapy has been engaged in continuous improvement. The study was the current insulin pump therapy during pregnancy and the postpartum evaluation of the application, and observe the pump caused by treatment of low blood sugar level and increase the risk for ketoacidosis.
The authors found that in all three three-month treatment period, three groups of patients with glycosylated hemoglobin A level of no difference. And, for from an average of 16.8 months of pregnancy began to use insulin pump therapy in pregnant women, blood glucose control is also very good.
Before using insulin pump treatment, 8 patients had hypoglycemia. But to start using insulin pumps, only one patient low blood sugar occurs. Have two starting insulin pump therapy because of mild ketoacidosis and hospitalization of pregnant women in the perinatal period and no significant side effects.
Gabbe and colleagues reported that three groups of patients on maternal and neonatal complications, and no significant difference. These complications include problems during childbirth, neonatal Apgar score, neonatal hypoglycemia, and fetal malformations.
Although the research team reported that the group in the newborn and mother care costs there is no statistically significant differences, but the pump in the treatment group and the standard treatment group or a difference of 5,000 dollars. The authors attributed this difference in hospitalization costs of pump therapy group increased. Increase in hospital charges is used to prevent complications, and plans for the pump in the treatment of early start, late out-patient for the treatment of pump installation.
Cost analysis did not include the cost of insulin pumps nearly 5000 U.S. dollars. Gabbe and colleagues that if the pump in the treatment group, 94.7% of patients require continuous treatment with 6 year payment plan, then the additional cost does not increase significantly the total cost of the patient.
The authors also pointed out that the average 12-month postpartum follow-up, continued to pump therapy because of its significantly better than standard insulin therapy continued glycosylation level of hemoglobin A long-term benefit. Continued pump therapy glycosylation level of hemoglobin A, the average 7.2%, and continuing standard insulin treatment in A, glycosylated hemoglobin level of 9.1% on average.
Gabbe and colleagues concluded that many patients need continuous insulin pump therapy. As the mother of pump therapy can prevent the occurrence of subsequent vascular disease, and because of pump therapy to these patients in the second pregnancy can still get better blood sugar control, thereby reducing the risk of fetal abnormalities, so the total cost of pump therapy and other The difference between the treatment will be reduced to a minimum.
From the University of Washington Medical Center, Dr. Steven Gabbe and his colleagues on the insulin pump and multiple insulin injection treatment effects and costs were evaluated.
Since nearly 20 years since the invention of insulin pump therapy has been engaged in continuous improvement. The study was the current insulin pump therapy during pregnancy and the postpartum evaluation of the application, and observe the pump caused by treatment of low blood sugar level and increase the risk for ketoacidosis.
The authors found that in all three three-month treatment period, three groups of patients with glycosylated hemoglobin A level of no difference. And, for from an average of 16.8 months of pregnancy began to use insulin pump therapy in pregnant women, blood glucose control is also very good.
Before using insulin pump treatment, 8 patients had hypoglycemia. But to start using insulin pumps, only one patient low blood sugar occurs. Have two starting insulin pump therapy because of mild ketoacidosis and hospitalization of pregnant women in the perinatal period and no significant side effects.
Gabbe and colleagues reported that three groups of patients on maternal and neonatal complications, and no significant difference. These complications include problems during childbirth, neonatal Apgar score, neonatal hypoglycemia, and fetal malformations.
Although the research team reported that the group in the newborn and mother care costs there is no statistically significant differences, but the pump in the treatment group and the standard treatment group or a difference of 5,000 dollars. The authors attributed this difference in hospitalization costs of pump therapy group increased. Increase in hospital charges is used to prevent complications, and plans for the pump in the treatment of early start, late out-patient for the treatment of pump installation.
Cost analysis did not include the cost of insulin pumps nearly 5000 U.S. dollars. Gabbe and colleagues that if the pump in the treatment group, 94.7% of patients require continuous treatment with 6 year payment plan, then the additional cost does not increase significantly the total cost of the patient.
The authors also pointed out that the average 12-month postpartum follow-up, continued to pump therapy because of its significantly better than standard insulin therapy continued glycosylation level of hemoglobin A long-term benefit. Continued pump therapy glycosylation level of hemoglobin A, the average 7.2%, and continuing standard insulin treatment in A, glycosylated hemoglobin level of 9.1% on average.
Gabbe and colleagues concluded that many patients need continuous insulin pump therapy. As the mother of pump therapy can prevent the occurrence of subsequent vascular disease, and because of pump therapy to these patients in the second pregnancy can still get better blood sugar control, thereby reducing the risk of fetal abnormalities, so the total cost of pump therapy and other The difference between the treatment will be reduced to a minimum.
How do you know whether the diabetes
According to World Health Organization estimates there are more than 150 million diabetics by 2025 this figure will double. It is estimated that China's current diabetes about 3 million, ranking second in the world. There are millions of patients since no obvious symptoms of illness not know already.
In order to diagnosis 2 - diabetes, doctors need to check blood glucose levels and fasting blood glucose immediately detected.
Fasting glucose
Fasting plasma glucose test as simple, convenient, inexpensive and widely used.
Preparation for the fasting blood glucose testing needs what?
Your blood sugar testing as long as 8 hours before you can not eat anything.
What is the testing process?
First blood, out of the blood was sent to a laboratory for examination.
How to explain test results?
Normal blood glucose level 70-100 mg / dl between. An abnormal blood glucose levels can not be diagnosed with diabetes, only two fasting blood glucose is higher than 126 mg / dl to diagnose when.
However, even if fasting blood glucose levels normal, you still may have risk factors for diabetes or show symptoms of diabetes, doctors also need oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for diagnosis.
In addition, there are some normal fasting glucose, postprandial blood glucose is high, however. This group of people with impaired glucose tolerance, postprandial hyperglycemia, if a certain degree, it can be diagnosed as diabetes.
Random blood sugar test
Random blood sugar test is another diagnostic test for diabetes, patients with no eating of the experiment, how long after eating can test blood sugar. The checks were not required to fast.
Random blood glucose test results greater than 200 mg / dl may prompt diabetes, especially after the second test still shows similar results.
Oral glucose tolerance test
Oral glucose tolerance test chamber to another method for detecting diabetes, but commonly used in the diagnosis of gestational diabetes or fasting blood glucose test results for normal, but there are other evidence to suspect that the 2 - diabetes. It is also used for early diagnosis of diabetes.
Determination of glycosylated hemoglobin A1
Determination of glycosylated hemoglobin A1 in diabetic controls and important method. As the red blood cell life span in blood circulation is about 120 days, therefore, can reflect the determination of glycosylated hemoglobin A1 8-12 weeks before blood levels of glucose in total. The test results can be adjusted according to drug use.
Other checks
In addition to determination of glycosylated hemoglobin A1, the annual ophthalmoscopy is also very important. Ophthalmoscopic retinopathy can be found in the early, early retinopathy usually has no symptoms. 1-2 times annual foot examination, or both for each follow-up, checked the feet, can be found in the blood supply of the foot early poor or small cracks, to prevent or delay the occurrence of diabetic foot.
Inspection of diabetes in children
Was diagnosed in 2 - diabetes before, many children are without symptoms. Most cases because other symptoms of abnormal blood or urine found.
You can discuss with the doctor if their children have diabetes risk factors. If your child higher than normal blood sugar test, but have not yet reached the diagnosis of diabetes, please consult your doctor to adjust eating habits to develop movement disorders to help children avoid developing diabetes.
Understanding of diabetes
If you do not control blood sugar, diabetes complications eventually many serious complications. If the earnest implementation of the doctor's advice, treatment adherence, to develop good lifestyle, you can also have a healthy life and good self-evaluation. Food diversification, regular exercise, maintaining a normal body weight, relieve stress and so hard, will make life easier.
In order to diagnosis 2 - diabetes, doctors need to check blood glucose levels and fasting blood glucose immediately detected.
Fasting glucose
Fasting plasma glucose test as simple, convenient, inexpensive and widely used.
Preparation for the fasting blood glucose testing needs what?
Your blood sugar testing as long as 8 hours before you can not eat anything.
What is the testing process?
First blood, out of the blood was sent to a laboratory for examination.
How to explain test results?
Normal blood glucose level 70-100 mg / dl between. An abnormal blood glucose levels can not be diagnosed with diabetes, only two fasting blood glucose is higher than 126 mg / dl to diagnose when.
However, even if fasting blood glucose levels normal, you still may have risk factors for diabetes or show symptoms of diabetes, doctors also need oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for diagnosis.
In addition, there are some normal fasting glucose, postprandial blood glucose is high, however. This group of people with impaired glucose tolerance, postprandial hyperglycemia, if a certain degree, it can be diagnosed as diabetes.
Random blood sugar test
Random blood sugar test is another diagnostic test for diabetes, patients with no eating of the experiment, how long after eating can test blood sugar. The checks were not required to fast.
Random blood glucose test results greater than 200 mg / dl may prompt diabetes, especially after the second test still shows similar results.
Oral glucose tolerance test
Oral glucose tolerance test chamber to another method for detecting diabetes, but commonly used in the diagnosis of gestational diabetes or fasting blood glucose test results for normal, but there are other evidence to suspect that the 2 - diabetes. It is also used for early diagnosis of diabetes.
Determination of glycosylated hemoglobin A1
Determination of glycosylated hemoglobin A1 in diabetic controls and important method. As the red blood cell life span in blood circulation is about 120 days, therefore, can reflect the determination of glycosylated hemoglobin A1 8-12 weeks before blood levels of glucose in total. The test results can be adjusted according to drug use.
Other checks
In addition to determination of glycosylated hemoglobin A1, the annual ophthalmoscopy is also very important. Ophthalmoscopic retinopathy can be found in the early, early retinopathy usually has no symptoms. 1-2 times annual foot examination, or both for each follow-up, checked the feet, can be found in the blood supply of the foot early poor or small cracks, to prevent or delay the occurrence of diabetic foot.
Inspection of diabetes in children
Was diagnosed in 2 - diabetes before, many children are without symptoms. Most cases because other symptoms of abnormal blood or urine found.
You can discuss with the doctor if their children have diabetes risk factors. If your child higher than normal blood sugar test, but have not yet reached the diagnosis of diabetes, please consult your doctor to adjust eating habits to develop movement disorders to help children avoid developing diabetes.
Understanding of diabetes
If you do not control blood sugar, diabetes complications eventually many serious complications. If the earnest implementation of the doctor's advice, treatment adherence, to develop good lifestyle, you can also have a healthy life and good self-evaluation. Food diversification, regular exercise, maintaining a normal body weight, relieve stress and so hard, will make life easier.
"10 high and one low," sounding the alarm
Nearly 80% of hypertensive diabetic patients with different degrees of blood pressure. Diabetes, high blood pressure affects not only control the disease, but also blood vessels and organs will have damage. Control blood pressure and blood sugar control the same importance to workers.
Hyperlipidemia (now renamed dyslipidemia) in type 2 diabetes will not only cause disorder of glucose metabolism, and most associated with dyslipidemia. Thus, blood lipids and long-term excessive free radicals easily oxidized to form lipid peroxides, the formation of plaque deposition in the vessel wall, leading to atherosclerosis, increased blood pressure. Hypertension will further accelerate the hardening of the arteries, creating a vicious circle, ultimately leading to acute cardiovascular events.
Hyperinsulinemia medical research shows that 48 units of insulin per day, enough to meet human needs. However, some patients with daily injections of insulin has been more than 48 units, or even as high as 60 to 80 units, or unstable blood sugar. This is because the lower insulin sensitivity (medicine called insulin resistance) results. Then high blood insulin levels, the formation of insulin.
Hyperuricemia is one aspect of hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance is closely related to an independent factor, or even as a marker of insulin resistance. If this uncontrolled, diabetes patients will get gout. Some patients with sore foot Zuanxin, sleepless nights, that is, high uric acid to blame.
Early stage of diabetes with high inflammatory response, blood sugar has not increased before the body of patients with inflammatory reaction had started. The inflammatory response of diabetes throughout the formation of atherosclerosis always. This inflammatory reaction induced and progress with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia are closely related. Inflammatory cytokines have now discovered interleukin, tumor necrosis factor.
High blood viscosity and high blood viscosity control of the diabetes condition has great influence. Type 2 diabetes significantly reduced red blood cell deformation function, red blood cells is difficult at this time by less than the diameter of the capillaries and the occurrence of self-retention, increased resistance to blood flow, or small vessel occlusion, reduced blood flow, microcirculation and effective hypoperfusion. If we have a high blood viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation can lead to more red blood cell deformation affect the function. The lower red blood cell deformation function in patients with acute myocardial infarction myocardial injury and infarct size to expand one of the important reasons.
Microalbuminuria in diabetic patients with high microalbuminuria increased with the closely related insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance to change. Therefore, microalbuminuria is an early indicator of diabetic complications. Microalbuminuria appears, is the body issued a strong warning. Therefore, early detection of microalbuminuria, and to adopt comprehensive prevention and control measures are very necessary.
High fatty liver diabetes fatty liver disease rates were high. As the lack of insulin secretion in patients with diabetes, glucose utilization disorder, the energy metabolic pathway changes, which led to lipid metabolism disorders, and then place the liver "fatty infiltration" disease, fatty liver. Will directly affect the liver, liver function, liver is an important organ that regulates blood sugar, so prevention is to control diabetes, fatty liver disease means necessary.
High body weight that is obesity, obesity, insulin resistance, abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism, hypertension and other metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk factors in many diseases the main base. The importance of weight loss is self-evident.
Immunocompromised patients with poor immunity, infectious diseases since the advent of potent, the first victim is diabetic. Therefore, improving the immune system is a priority treatment of diabetes.
This particular disease, diabetes, urgent need for a comprehensive, integrated prevention and control, strict control "10 high and one low" to reduce complications in order to improve the quality of life with diabetes.
Hyperlipidemia (now renamed dyslipidemia) in type 2 diabetes will not only cause disorder of glucose metabolism, and most associated with dyslipidemia. Thus, blood lipids and long-term excessive free radicals easily oxidized to form lipid peroxides, the formation of plaque deposition in the vessel wall, leading to atherosclerosis, increased blood pressure. Hypertension will further accelerate the hardening of the arteries, creating a vicious circle, ultimately leading to acute cardiovascular events.
Hyperinsulinemia medical research shows that 48 units of insulin per day, enough to meet human needs. However, some patients with daily injections of insulin has been more than 48 units, or even as high as 60 to 80 units, or unstable blood sugar. This is because the lower insulin sensitivity (medicine called insulin resistance) results. Then high blood insulin levels, the formation of insulin.
Hyperuricemia is one aspect of hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance is closely related to an independent factor, or even as a marker of insulin resistance. If this uncontrolled, diabetes patients will get gout. Some patients with sore foot Zuanxin, sleepless nights, that is, high uric acid to blame.
Early stage of diabetes with high inflammatory response, blood sugar has not increased before the body of patients with inflammatory reaction had started. The inflammatory response of diabetes throughout the formation of atherosclerosis always. This inflammatory reaction induced and progress with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia are closely related. Inflammatory cytokines have now discovered interleukin, tumor necrosis factor.
High blood viscosity and high blood viscosity control of the diabetes condition has great influence. Type 2 diabetes significantly reduced red blood cell deformation function, red blood cells is difficult at this time by less than the diameter of the capillaries and the occurrence of self-retention, increased resistance to blood flow, or small vessel occlusion, reduced blood flow, microcirculation and effective hypoperfusion. If we have a high blood viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation can lead to more red blood cell deformation affect the function. The lower red blood cell deformation function in patients with acute myocardial infarction myocardial injury and infarct size to expand one of the important reasons.
Microalbuminuria in diabetic patients with high microalbuminuria increased with the closely related insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance to change. Therefore, microalbuminuria is an early indicator of diabetic complications. Microalbuminuria appears, is the body issued a strong warning. Therefore, early detection of microalbuminuria, and to adopt comprehensive prevention and control measures are very necessary.
High fatty liver diabetes fatty liver disease rates were high. As the lack of insulin secretion in patients with diabetes, glucose utilization disorder, the energy metabolic pathway changes, which led to lipid metabolism disorders, and then place the liver "fatty infiltration" disease, fatty liver. Will directly affect the liver, liver function, liver is an important organ that regulates blood sugar, so prevention is to control diabetes, fatty liver disease means necessary.
High body weight that is obesity, obesity, insulin resistance, abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism, hypertension and other metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk factors in many diseases the main base. The importance of weight loss is self-evident.
Immunocompromised patients with poor immunity, infectious diseases since the advent of potent, the first victim is diabetic. Therefore, improving the immune system is a priority treatment of diabetes.
This particular disease, diabetes, urgent need for a comprehensive, integrated prevention and control, strict control "10 high and one low" to reduce complications in order to improve the quality of life with diabetes.
Hypoglycemic How difficult? Onion to help!
A study abroad, onion growing area residents, hypertension prevalence rate was 1.7%, significantly lower than 5.4% of non-growing areas. Eat 50 grams of onion, 1 month, 43 patients with hypercholesterolemia, 39 individuals (90.7%) decrease in blood cholesterol; 25 of 14 patients with coronary heart disease (46.7%) ECG improvement .
Onion is the only known prostaglandin A containing vegetables, which is a strong vasodilator, with the expansion of blood vessels, lowering blood viscosity, increase coronary blood flow, reduction and prevention of thrombosis and other effects. Onions also contain sulfides, with minor amounts of sulfur amino acids, with the blood fat, blood pressure, arteriosclerosis and other anti-role, can prevent myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Eat 60-70 grams of onion, the lipid-lowering effect even more marked than Clofibrate. Therefore, in Europe and the United States and other countries, onion known as the "queen of vegetables."
Here to introduce three kinds of edible onion methods:
Method 1: Wash an onion, vinegar, onion bulb, stripped of foreign peeled into thin slices, put the microwave about 2-3 minutes, then onion into container, add 5 tablespoons of vinegar, and then placed in the refrigerator. The next morning you can eat. Breakfast every day with this onion, table, can effectively reduce blood sugar, and to weight loss.
Method 2: Use vinegar, leaf lettuce and onion bulb Wash and cut the onion flakes, plus a few slices of lettuce leaves, then pour apple cider vinegar, swamp onion can. This way of eating can be treated constipation for many years, blood pressure, but also improve sleep.
Method three: onion onion skin with skin Jianshui Jianshui drink drink, or eat fried onion, reduce eye vitreous opacity, improve their eyesight.
Onion is the only known prostaglandin A containing vegetables, which is a strong vasodilator, with the expansion of blood vessels, lowering blood viscosity, increase coronary blood flow, reduction and prevention of thrombosis and other effects. Onions also contain sulfides, with minor amounts of sulfur amino acids, with the blood fat, blood pressure, arteriosclerosis and other anti-role, can prevent myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Eat 60-70 grams of onion, the lipid-lowering effect even more marked than Clofibrate. Therefore, in Europe and the United States and other countries, onion known as the "queen of vegetables."
Here to introduce three kinds of edible onion methods:
Method 1: Wash an onion, vinegar, onion bulb, stripped of foreign peeled into thin slices, put the microwave about 2-3 minutes, then onion into container, add 5 tablespoons of vinegar, and then placed in the refrigerator. The next morning you can eat. Breakfast every day with this onion, table, can effectively reduce blood sugar, and to weight loss.
Method 2: Use vinegar, leaf lettuce and onion bulb Wash and cut the onion flakes, plus a few slices of lettuce leaves, then pour apple cider vinegar, swamp onion can. This way of eating can be treated constipation for many years, blood pressure, but also improve sleep.
Method three: onion onion skin with skin Jianshui Jianshui drink drink, or eat fried onion, reduce eye vitreous opacity, improve their eyesight.
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