The source of insulin

Insulin is a protein hormone. Insulin is secreted by the pancreatic islet β cells. In human duodenal side, there is a long-shaped organ, called the pancreas. Many scattered in the pancreas cell clusters called islets. Pancreas islet total of around 100 to 200 million. Islet cell function in accordance with their secretion of hormones into the following types: ① B cells (β cells), islet cells about 60% to 80%, insulin secretion, insulin can lower blood sugar. ② A cells (α cells), accounting for about 24% of islet cells to 40% secretion of glucagon, the role of glucagon with insulin contrary, can increase blood sugar. ③ D cells, or about 6% of the total number of islet cells to 15%, growth hormone inhibiting hormone secretion.

Diabetes, due to infection, autoimmune, genetic and other risk factors, pathophysiology activity was mainly due to the relative or absolute lack of insulin and glucagon activity due to the relative or absolute excess, ie, B and A cells Bilateral dysfunction caused by hormones. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus insulin-secreting cells or complete absence of serious damage, endogenous insulin secretion is very low, needed exogenous insulin therapy. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, insulin secretion less obstacles, based on normal or elevated insulin levels, and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion are generally lower than those of the corresponding weight, that is the relative lack of insulin.

Insulin secretion mainly by the following factors:

(1) blood glucose concentration on insulin secretion of the most important factor. After oral or intravenous glucose, insulin release was two-phase reaction. Early rapid phase, portal venous plasma insulin in the 2 minutes that is the highest value, then decreased rapidly; delay of the slow phase, the plasma insulin level after 10 minutes then gradually increased and lasted for more than 1 hour. Early phase showed fast storage of glucose to promote insulin release, the delay of the slow phase shows the synthesis of insulin and insulin changes in insulin.

(2) eat more food containing protein, the blood amino acid concentration, insulin secretion increased. Arginine, lysine, leucine and phenylalanine have a strong stimulation of insulin secretion.

(3) an increase of gut after meals can stimulate insulin secretion such as gastrin, endocrine pancreas, stomach Yi Tai, vasoactive intestinal peptide are stimulated insulin secretion.

(4) free nerve function could affect insulin secretion. The excitation of the vagus nerve to promote insulin secretion; sympathetic nerve activity is inhibited when insulin secretion.

Image interpretation, "insulin resistance"

What is insulin resistance then? We had not called sugar diabetes when the person on behalf of the normal amount of glucose tolerance that is also normal, able to lower blood sugar well. However, we pre-diabetic patients that he is not a normal person, because he has a chromosomal gene mutation, then mutation of this gene led to increased with age, appeared after the so-called insulin resistance. We used a small amount of insulin that can lower blood sugar better, and now will not be a large number of non-insulin to bring blood sugar down well. (Learn more about the basis of knowledge of diabetes ... ... View>>)

Analogy it, before we move it a little push car, and now there insulin resistance, is like Che Gulu long rust, and our non of straining to push the car moving. So how this resistance is generated? This resistance is quite complicated, it is now our basic science diabetes research a hot topic.

It has several aspects, one is to play the role of insulin and cells, must go to its receptor binding. The receptor is like a lock, insulin is like a key, key lock, to start a series of activities inside cells, such as cars, one car had the keys to open, cars will be running machine. Then the resistance is classified into pre-receptor resistance, for example, the quality of our poor insulin secretion, like the keys on it, not easy to unlock, this is a.

There is also a problem that we lock well, we call receptor problem. That receptor is different positions have different structural variations, the key to unlocking not so smoothly. There it is, some of the internal functioning of our cells is not good, is like car keys to the car to open the machine, but not so Haohao De rotation. Inside cells inside the movement, the physiological changes it is very complex, each part of the problem if it can not run good. It is a normal combination of insulin with the receptor, the cell range of motion after motion Well, we finally launched a factor we called glucose transporter, transporter. Then the glucose transporter protein, the more, and on the cell membrane transport, go to the cell membrane after the passage of glucose put the cell membrane to open, then the blood sugar into the cells where to go inside, and if the activities of glucose less, open the door fewer blood cells than in the sugar go into the blood in the sugar high.

    So we have to say where insulin resistance, we, as clinicians, clinical hospital is not for you to find the problem. Because it is the people who engage in basic medical research, but everyone is against us there, then there is a medicine called insulin sensitizers, which means that after taking the medicine, it is not through the insulin that link directly to promote Some links within the cells so that glucose transporter number, so that our cells on the glucose-channel open, hypoglycemic. So now we have this drug to solve this problem.

Wash more healthy people with diabetes

External treatment of diseases, traditional Chinese medicine has its unique advantages. Medicated bath is under the guidance of TCM theory, matching certain herbs are made into traditional Chinese medicine bath, bathing the whole body or partial bathing method of foreign rule. Fumigation of drug treatment of diabetes, particularly diabetic peripheral neuropathy, lower extremity vascular disease such as diabetes is effective. The mechanism of drug penetration through the skin directly to lesions, improve local blood circulation and nerve conduction to the lower extremity numbness, pain, coldness and other symptoms.

Medicated bath with conditioning blood, dredging channels, prevent and cure diseases, beauty skin beauty, the role of physical health. Dipping the active ingredients of Chinese medicine through the skin, mucous membranes into the body to play a role in reducing drug to stimulate the digestive tract, reducing the liver, kidney burden, and effective local tissue concentrations of the drug were significantly higher than other parts, so medicated bath is a unique and effective route of administration. Chinese processed Processed, significantly reduced side effects, Chinese herbal bath concentrations lower than the concentration of oral liquid, generally no significant side effects on the human body. According to different purposes of treatment, drugs can be divided into body bath shower, shower head and face, head bath, hand foot massage, hip bath and partial bath and so on. Depending on the specific application but also diseases, physical strength, disease or syndrome of the situation to select the appropriate dipping side.

Yu Fu Powder

Recipe: Green Bean 250 g, 6 g talc, Angelica 6 grams, 6 grams of white Fuzi.

Effects: moisturizing wing muscles, Qingreufeng.

Applications: Suitable for diabetic skin itching, skin excess fat, skin and chapped so rough. To the total drug research for the go-between, taking about 10 grams per day, 100 ml of hot water until the bath temperature, after appropriate local, every 10 days for a treatment that can continuously applied.

Tom Wind

Recipe: wind 90 grams, 90 grams Motherwort, matrine and 90 grams, 150 grams Tribulus terrestris, Jingjielianqiao spike 60 grams, Viticis 60 grams, 60 grams of Citrus aurantium.

Efficacy: heat itching, cooling Qufeng.

Application: This side of the chronic itching skin diseases have a better therapeutic effect. Diabetes cause skin itching, dry skin can use this side. Will be on standby drug crushed sifted. Each with 90 grams, 3000 ml water, boiling 20 minutes, to Java. When appropriate, liquid temperature baths or shower body affected area. Cancer itch lotion

Shower side

Recipe: 36 grams Eriocaulon capillaris 36 g, 36 g abalone, mori 36 grams, 36 grams of white chrysanthemums, papaya 45 grams, 45 grams of mulberry leaves, blue 45 grams.

Effect: clearing away heat, detoxifying itching.

Applications: Control a variety of skin diseases. Itchy skin caused by diabetes mellitus, skin diseases and other bacterial diseases, with significant inhibition detoxification. The fight for the crude drug residue, the residue loaded up yarn bag, add water 3000 ml, boiled for 10 minutes, until the time the temperature suitable for bathing.

Chrysanthemum Decoction

Recipe: Mulberry 30 grams, 15 grams of wild chrysanthemum, gardenia 10 grams, 6 grams live alone, Tianma 6 grams, 30 grams mint.

Efficacy: San wind heat, Shu meridians.

Application: This side of the lower limb diabetic skin infections diseases to a certain extent. Use, will be on drugs 1000 ml water, boil for 15 minutes prior to taking liquid slag bath when the temperature both lower limbs when appropriate, usually 1 day, 20 minutes for each bath.

Lithospermum Washing

Prescription: Radix 30 grams, 15 grams of madder, Angelica 15 grams, red peony 15 grams, 15 grams of hematoxylin, South saffron 15 grams, 15 grams of Magnolia, loofah 15 grams, 15 grams of wood through.

Efficacy: qi and activating blood, stasis Tongluo.

Application: before treatment of the skin caused by plaque qi stagnation, pigmentation, numbness of extremities caused by neuropathy, peripheral limbs caused by poor blood circulation did not warm embolism. Will be on the medicine with water 3000 ml, boiled for 15 to 20 minutes until the temperature is appropriate, bathing the whole body or body bath.

Warm the cold-dispelling Lotion

Prescription: Aconite 30 grams, 1 000 ginger 30 grams, 30 grams Guizhi, angelica 30 grams, 30 grams of pepper, red peony 30 grams, 30 grams of Herba Asari, ephedra 30 grams, 30 grams of safflower, fur root 120 grams.

Effect: warm through and cold, blood pain.

Application: This side has the effect of cold-dispelling stasis, is an effective drug treatment of vasculitis bath side. Diabetes caused by small vessel disease of the extremities caused by blocked blood circulation, vein occlusion, ischemic vasculitis may apply this formula. Will the drug into gauze bags into the pot, add water to the residue 3000 ml Jiantang, bathing the affected area. 2 times a day, each dose can be used 2-3 days.

Superficial phlebitis lotion

Recipe: Hematoxylin 30 grams, 15 grams of safflower, Yin-hua 30 grams, 30 grams of dandelion, Glauber's salt 15 g, Chinese angelica 30 grams, 30 grams of Shallot, mori 30 grams, 15 grams of frankincense, myrrh 15 grams.

Efficacy: blood circulation, reduce swelling and pain.

Application: This side can be treated thrombophlebitis, phlebitis caused by diabetes and peripheral vascular disease also have a therapeutic effect. Will be on drug research for the go-between, add water 2500 ml, Jianshui to the residue, warm liquid soaking the affected area. 1 to 2 times a day, every 30 minutes.

Special Reminder: drug bath Precautions

In diabetic patients, medicated bath of the most important thing is to control the temperature well. As the extremities in patients with neuropathy may be associated with, there will be sensory disturbances and paresthesia. So to avoid burns is a prerequisite for dipping. Water temperature to 30 ~ 40 ℃, is more appropriate when necessary, to measure temperature with a thermometer.

1, diabetic lower extremity arterial disease in different parts according to symptoms and to determine how much liquid, but pay special attention to the temperature of liquid can not be overheated, to avoid burn, nor too cold, to prevent adverse stimulus.

2, dry skin in the elderly should pay attention to the body water balance. Bath before, a good idea to drink a glass of water, this will help the metabolism, while in the bath when not dehydrated.

3, bath time to keep warm and avoid exposure to cold, hair, dry skin immediately after bathing. Note that warm, sheltered.

4, before eating, not bathing after a meal within 30 minutes. Fasting bath, easy to hypoglycemia. Satiation after the bath, hot water surface stimulated by the expansion of blood vessels, gastrointestinal tract to reduce blood supply will lead to digestive function was reduced, thus affecting the digestion and absorption of food.

5, bath process, if found in the phenomenon of drug allergy, should immediately stop bath.

How can diabetes "run" to the feet

A woman with diabetes, aged 75, more than 20 years history of diabetes, long-term use of various antidiabetic glibenclamide and traditional Chinese medicine, the last 3 years have been fasting plasma glucose of 12 to 15 mmol / L (220 to 270 mg / dl). Then right foot toe nail due to shear, resulting in long-term unhealed after local ulceration, necrosis of the great toe black color, so come to our hospital.

The initial diagnosis of patients admitted to hospital as a "type 2 diabetes and arteriosclerosis obliterans of lower limbs, diabetic foot five." In the treatment process, so that it bothers her a question: "how my diabetes 'run' to the feet go?" This sounds ridiculous, but it largely reflects the number of diabetes patients ignorance.

As people's living standards improve, the incidence of diabetes at an alarming pace, a variety of chronic complications of diabetes also increased, to become invisible killer threatening diabetes. Obliterans is involved diabetic complications surrounding a large blood vessels, as mentioned in the article at the beginning of the patients as arteriosclerosis obliterans developed to a certain extent, can lead to acral necrosis, severe cases leading to amputation, become disabled patients died an important reason.

Obliterans is a disease involving atherosclerosis and lead to chronic peripheral arterial occlusive disease. As the atherosclerotic plaque and its internal bleeding or plaque rupture, leading to the formation of blood clots and has the effect of secondary vascular stenosis or occlusion, leading to clinical manifestations such as limb ischemia. Disease is more common in the elderly, age 50 to more than 70 years, 20% of patients had diabetes. Patients with diabetes than those without the disease 11 times higher in patients with diabetes, and age of onset earlier, easier and far less impact on adjacent parts of the caliber arteries. Therefore, the diabetes "running" to the feet go, is not surprising.

Arteriosclerosis by symptoms can be divided into four phases:

Phase 1 patients may be in the lower limbs, feet numbness, coldness, leg soreness, especially in the lower leg significantly.

The first two pairs of lower limb blood flow reserve shortage, intense activity can not maintain an adequate blood flow, patients can be manifested as intermittent claudication, such as walking a short distance but was forced to stop because of pain, rest pain relief.

3, the further development of ischemia, residual blood flow below the resting metabolism of the needs of the time, showing resting pain, particularly at night obviously.

4 can not provide the necessary organizational survival of blood flow, peripheral and contact with skin lesions began to appear dystrophy, clinical manifestations of necrosis or acral gangrene.

If color Doppler ultrasound examination of both lower extremities results divided, the disease can be divided into four degrees:

Early lesions of vascular stenosis were 25% lower than the normal blood flow is less than 35% of normal;

Slightly lower than that of lesion stenosis of 25 to 50% less than the normal blood flow of 35 to 50%;

Normal coronary arteries with moderate stenosis of 50 to 75% of people, blood flow less than the normal 50 to 70%;

Severe stenosis of coronary arteries more than 75% lower than the normal person, normal blood flow is less than 70%.

Obliterans is the most serious damage caused acral necrosis, gangrene, especially in diabetic arteriosclerosis obliterans, diabetic foot disease is the most fundamental reason.

In case of diabetic foot patients, treatment up very difficult, so many patients are forced to amputation, to the inconvenience of life. Therefore, to remind the general diabetic patients must be early detection and treatment of arteriosclerosis obliterans, Once the symptoms mentioned above, should consult a doctor.

Now, with the continuous improvement of diagnosis, the disease has greatly increased the detection rate. Early by noninvasive - Color Doppler ultrasound can check arteries, vein diameter and flow rate, the quantitative orientation analysis, so that the disease is greatly improved diagnostic accuracy.

Once diagnosed with arteriosclerosis obliterans, patients should stop smoking (smoking can cause vascular spasm), treatment of lipid abnormalities, diabetes, limb skin to keep clean, dry and soft, to prevent the cold and injuries. Such as a local infection or trauma, should be dealt with expeditiously. In addition, a large number of current clinical application of vasodilator agents and anti-suppository, the more significant effect of early lesions. Also carried out in recent years, surgical treatment and interventional therapy with good results.

Pumpkin can reduce diabetes?

Now in our country has become an important vegetable throughout the north and south is summer, autumn and winter, one of the main vegetable varieties. Pumpkin Goods (change) many species, called the leading vegetables in melons. View from a long round fruit shape, flat round, round, scoop-shaped, etc.; fruit surface smooth or tumor, when the old familiar white powder; color red brown, yellowish brown or ocher, there are snakes, reticulate or wavy markings. From the mature point of view, there are a difference of 10 to 20 days. Therefore, based on its product (variable) of different species can be used as vegetables or fodder. Specific, such as shredded fried as a vegetable, stew, soup, stuffing, are quite sweet and delicious; on behalf of the rice grain can be sweet and delicious pumpkin Gong Zhu rice, or mash and mix with flour and made into cakes, noodles, etc. , also got character; old steam cooked pumpkin cut food, and taste with sweet potato and egg yolk, folk and more to the generation of food, so there are "rice melon" in name, and "plain ham," the elegant name.

Pumpkin Goods (change) many species, so its nutrients are also quite different.

Pumpkin (pumpkin), origin Beijing, with each containing 100 g of edible part of the protein 0.6 g, fat 0.1 g, carbohydrates 5.7 g, crude fiber 1.1 g, phosphorus 32 mg, calcium 10 mg, phosphorus 32 mg, iron 0.5 mg, carotene, 0.53 mg, vitamin B10.04 5 mg, B20.05 mg, niacin 0.7 mg, vitamin C5 mg.

Pumpkin, place of origin of Xinjiang, edible parts of protein per 100g 1.0 g, fat 0 g, phosphorus compounds, water 10.2 g, crude fiber 0.2 g, calcium 20 mg, phosphorus 11 mg, iron 0.5 mg, carotene 2.7 mg, vitamin B11 mg , B20.05 mg, niacin 0.4 mg, vitamin C10 mg.

Rice Paper Flower melon (pumpkin), origin of Gansu, each containing 100 g of edible part of the protein 0.6 g, fat 0.1 g, carbohydrates 3.1 g, crude fiber 0.4 g, calcium 27 mg, phosphorus 25 mg, iron 1.0 mg, vitamin B20 .02 mg, niacin 0.3 mg, vitamin C49 mg. In particular, for every 100 g of protein from 0. 3 g (Hunan) to 0.9 g (Guangxi, Sichuan), fat from 0 g (Beijing, Jiangsu, Hubei, etc.) to 0.3 g (Hubei), carbohydrate from 1.3 g (Beijing) to 10.2 g (Xinjiang), calcium from 9 mg (Hubei) to 47mg (Sichuan), carotene from 0.11 mg (Guangxi) to 320 mg (Fujian), vitamin C from 4 mg (Beijing, Hubei) to 49 mg (Gansu ), the difference was significant

In general, vitamin C and glucose pumpkin is more abundant. Foreign Pumpkin also contains trigonelline, adenine, arginine, and more shrunk to sugar and other substances. But in general provided by sugar pumpkin, carotene, vitamin C and calcium, compared with other vegetables, or by more than most have, and even relatively abundant.

Pumpkin seeds

Pumpkin seed kernel oil content of up to 50%, high-quality cooking oil can be used as raw materials. Not only sweet and delicious fried pumpkin seeds, and rich nutrition. White melon seeds (fried) (Beijing) per 100 g of protein 35.1 g, fat 31.8 g, carbohydrates 23.3 g, 520 kcal energy, crude fiber 2.3 g, calcium 235 mg, phosphorus 630 mg, iron 67 mg, carotene 0.47 mg, Vitamin B10.15 mg, B2 0.15 mg, niacin 30 mg.

In addition, pumpkin seeds, is an important medicinal, pharmacological tests show that pumpkin seeds alcohol solution, in 1 hour can kill tapeworms, squeeze the liquid can kill within 15 minutes tapeworm.

Also according to the report, pumpkin seeds, also has a role in killing schistosome. Schistosomiasis patients, three times daily in oral shelled pumpkin seed oil to the powder 280 g, the results show that patients with acute services a week to restore normal body temperature, increased appetite, a month later, the majority of patients with schistosome eggs in vivo disappear.

There were also reports that in some European medical researchers pumpkin-rich Eastern European, Central European countries visit, I found them eat pumpkin seed of men, little risk of prostate disease. Further study by medical scientists found that prostate disease was mainly due to reduced zinc within the prostate sake. The pumpkin seeds are rich in zinc exactly. So eat pumpkin seeds, you can prevent and improve prostate disease. Of course, we can not eat too much, too much can cause loss of appetite or diarrhea.

Pumpkin hypoglycemic function really that magical?

In recent years, more and more patients with diabetes, blood glucose pumpkin to the legend of the more mass the more even. There were some folk remedies and even that is as long as the continuous consumption of 50 kg pumpkin can control diabetes, and do not take medicine.

Most of these legends is said to come from abroad, one of the most convincing in the 80s of last century, the Japanese Hokkaido diabetes up to 5%, but the village did not Yubari a diabetic. The report of the medical profession in Japan caused great interest, thus the rise in Japan, the "pumpkin fever." Many businesses also as a basis to develop a lot of pumpkin products. Followed in China such as Beijing's health food stores and drug stores, supermarkets also have appeared in many claims can lower blood sugar, to pumpkin as the main raw material of health food. And in almost all the sales staff and customers in all of the "pumpkin to glucose," the correctness of this diagnosis method, convinced.

But when someone asked the sales staff "Pumpkin hypoglycemic" scientific basis, then the people they prevaricate. If a Beijing production of "pumpkin powder," the company's manager, said: "business is not necessary to complete the entire process from research began, and some ready-made conclusions can directly use, for direct production." Pumpkin powder in Tianjin, a manufacturing business also said that they only see newspapers, magazines such propaganda, that is a business, to do so.
Pumpkin truth hypoglycemic

This will come from abroad, as the legend of the practice of scientific research, naturally aroused the concern of many scientists in China and was made the test. Diabetes, such as Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Consultation Centre Professor Lei Shunqun said: pumpkin in common food glycemic index, a high index of food, not only do not eat pumpkin hypoglycemic, but appears yellowish discoloration of skin and even cause blood sugar rise high.

According to Professor Lei Shunqun description: pumpkin glycemic index of 75, if the generated index at 55 below, diabetes basically you eat. If 55 to 75, should control the consumption, a high index of more than 75 food, high-index foods easily digested into the body after digestion, absorption rate, glucose release soon, but after the peak high into the blood, thereby promoting blood sugar. Therefore, in daily life, the diabetic should not eat too much pumpkin, Enough is enough.

Department of Endocrinology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Professor Xu Yan pairs do dozens of experimental diabetes was found in patients after eating pumpkin (do not eat anything else) than the blood glucose before eating pumpkin increased by 1 ~ 2 mmol.

Horticultural Society, president of the Chinese branch of Yi-pumpkin researchers reported that the pumpkin is rich in carotene, pectin and other nutrients, is a good care of vegetables, eating regular and appropriate beneficial to human body. At least more than 100 kinds of pumpkin, some varieties of pumpkin has a hypoglycemic effect, but a lot of pumpkin varieties, and nutrient content are very different, and sometimes up to 3 to 5 times difference. Even if a certain individual pumpkin hypoglycemic effect, patients may also not guarantee this kind of food is pumpkin.

As a common vegetable, pumpkin contains carotene, vitamin C, calcium is relatively high or rich in volume, which has some nutritional value. As blood glucose function, have been little research reported in this regard, and therefore patients with rumored "to eat pumpkin" behavior, should be a big misunderstanding, and even lead to blood sugar. Should stop immediately. Business of speculation, it is no need.

Diabetes pathological and physiological changes in absolute or relative lack of insulin, causing carbohydrates, fats, proteins and other metabolic disorders. Thus, according to the type and severity of the disease in patients with dietary control, diabetes treatment is an important measure. There are three traditional ways: First, a simple diet; second is diet plus insulin; Third, diet plus oral hypoglycemic drugs. Other research confirmed the folk without unilateral, still less or not at all.

The medicinal value of the pumpkin, it continues to Li's "Compendium of Materia Medica," said in pumpkin, "smells sweet, warm, non-toxic", with Buzhongyiqi function is correct.

Pregnant women can prevent the next generation of diabetes carnivorous

The researchers found from the mice, a male bovine amino acid (taurine) to help prevent diabetes. The meat is rich in amino acids in male cattle. Responsible for the study of the City of London, Ontario director of the Lawson Hill Medical Center, said male bovine amino acid for pregnant women, the importance of folic acid one day and as indispensable.

Hill physicians and research team found in the laboratory, if the pregnant mice were fed low-protein food, these mice give birth to the body of a small mouse pancreatic stem cells would be reduced by 50%. On the contrary, if the pregnant rats fed on the male cows with high acid foods, a small number of mouse stem cells have normal pancreas.

Banteng amino acid is the most common form of human amino acid, human central nervous system, muscle, brain and heart are such amino acids. Banteng amino acids in protein rich foods that are high in content, such as meat and fish. Eggs and dairy products in the male bovine amino acid is also abundant, but no such plant proteins are amino acids.

Male cows pregnant women eat foods high in essential amino acids, because of their intimate female hormones - estrogen will reduce the production of amino acids in cattle.

Another study found that male bovine amino acid can lower blood pressure, congestive heart failure patients can increase cardiac contractility. Some physicians use this medication to treat heart disease.

Sugar mother during pregnancy, usually selected insulin as the main method of treatment, the key issue is to eat "good", that is, scientific diet. As the mother during pregnancy nutrition not only their own needs, but also for the baby's growth and development to provide nutritional, dietary management requirements so with other types of diabetes is different. Therefore, how a balanced diet to ensure the effective control of blood sugar, and mother can pass pregnancy, dietary management is the key to sugar mom.

Xiao Bian Reminder: gestational diabetes diet: Sugar Mama Catering Management

The main nutrients in food, including carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals, vitamins, etc., sugar mom should have a good amount of them.

1, control carbohydrate intake appropriate

Control the total amount of carbohydrate intake, including intake, intake time, and the composition of each intake. Total carbohydrate intake should not be too high or too low, should be 60% of the total energy. Total carbohydrate intake in the established, as increasing meal times, reducing food intake for each meal; strictly limit sugar and double single use of sugar, the best choice of polysaccharides, such as rice, cornmeal, etc., while adding some potatoes, taro, yam and other root vegetables mixed food. Since different food sources of carbohydrates in the digestion, absorption, differences in the interaction of food and the resulting difference between blood glucose and insulin responses, mixed diet, so that slow digestion and absorption of sugar, is conducive to disease control.

2, increasing dietary fiber intake

Dietary fiber has good blood glucose lowering effect, studies have shown that regular consumption of high dietary fiber, and fasting glucose levels lower than those who eat less dietary fiber. Vegetables, fruits, seaweed and beans are rich in dietary fiber, especially pectin in a variety of fruits accounted for 40% of dietary fiber, which has strong absorption in the gut form a gel filtration system, which can slow down certain nutrients discharge, extension of food in gastrointestinal emptying time, reducing hunger. Meanwhile, the pectin can reduce the intestinal hormone "stomach suppressing polypeptide" secretion, delaying the absorption of glucose, postprandial blood glucose and serum insulin to decline. Therefore, mothers should eat more vegetables, sugar, fruits. Strawberry, pineapple and kiwi fruit, etc. due to soluble fiber, vitamins and minerals, and could be preferred. But the banana, sugar cane, longan and sugar content of grapes due to the higher, it should not eat. Green leafy vegetables provide a lot of vitamins, minerals and crude fiber, not only can adjust the taste of Sugar Mama, its sugar content is lower, the food can not limit.

3, the protein is not only important to maintain the normal development of the placenta nutrients, but also for normal fetal development is very important

The best food sources of protein in milk, dairy products, eggs, fish and soy products. Protein per kilogram of body weight can be 1.5 to 2 grams, lean meat, fish, beans and bean products rich in protein, can be an appropriate mix of the daily diet.

4, minerals

Iron: Iron is the main blood substances. Mother during pregnancy to add more sugar, iron, fetal liver also need to store more iron in order to leave the mother after birth when they can not get enough iron supplement in time, can own blood. Thus, the mother should eat plenty of sugar and foods high in iron, such as animal liver.

Calcium: Calcium is an essential nutrient, not only the development of the fetal skeleton is very important, as the third trimester increased the absorption of calcium, calcium supplement if the lack of sugar makes the mothers muscle cramps, bone and muscle pain, severe cases will lead to tooth decalcification, bone softening. Therefore, sugar should ensure that mothers day 1200 ~ 1500 mg of calcium supplementation.

Should be food-based, as far as possible to get calcium from the diet, milk and dairy products are the main source of calcium. Other calcium-rich foods are beans and bean products, green vegetables, fish, shrimp, kelp, seaweed, sesame and so on. The most simple way to knock the bone vinegar can be used to make bone in the calcium dissolved in the soup, to the oil soup, excellent results.

Calcium deficiency of sugar mother (such as cow's milk allergy, etc.), can be under the guidance of a doctor taking a certain dose of calcium preparations. But be careful not to overdose.

5, vitamin

Vitamin D: requirements increase during pregnancy, but every day the sun or drink milk fortified with vitamin D.

Folic Acid: pregnancy increased by 2 times the normal requirements, should be eat some more while containing folic acid less impact on blood sugar foods such as green leafy vegetables (spinach and cabbage dishes), beans, animal liver, orange, and all wheat flour.

Vitamin B, C family: requirements increase only slightly, and in many foods have considerable content, which normally does not lack, may need to add.

Xylitol makes eating more elevated blood lipids

Xylitol also fattening? New Song nutritionist said: Xylitol is white birch and oak and other plants in a natural plant extract sweetener, xylitol is not easy because microbial fermentation acids, it can reduce tooth decay bacteria and tartar production, the prevention of dental caries have some effect.

So many of my friends eat xylitol chewing gum from the start, the feeling that the low calorie xylitol, the xylitol in eating other food, when unrestrained. But in fact, xylitol will eat more fat. And speaking from the physical and chemical properties, xylitol is slightly cool, and it is not stomach enzymes break down directly into the intestines, to eat there will be some more of the gastrointestinal stimulation may cause abdominal discomfort, flatulence, bowel. As the rate of xylitol absorption in the intestine less than 20%, easily accumulate in the intestinal wall, could easily lead to penetration of diarrhea. In the United States and Europe, food containing xylitol, are indicated on the label that "excessive intake may cause diarrhea," such as consumer tips. However, sales of food products in the domestic market, but rarely seen such a logo. Said a well-known chewing gum manufacturers, the production of xylitol chewing gum in the "low levels of xylitol, and not enough to cause diarrhea," so this type of identification "is not necessary." Nevertheless, nutritionists, or warned that the Chinese people's constitution, the day the total intake of xylitol can not be more than 50 grams. Light chewing gum should be no problem, but if a large number of other xylitol eat food, you need to pay attention to the amount of the.

Expert Interpretation: excessive consumption will increase blood lipids

Diabetes because of insulin secretion disorders, can not eat too much sugar, even a small amount of sugar may also cause adverse effects. Currently China has about 30 million diabetes patients, that is, involving about 30 million households to carefully select the food. This also led many businesses to seize the opportunity to make money, mass production of sugar-free food. Thus, there has been more and more "appropriate" diabetes taking food, such as ultra-dry beer, pumpkin juice, sugar-free powdered milk, sugar-free cookies, sugar-free cereals, sugar-free gum, sugarless candy and so on.

Nutritionists say, diabetes patients because they can not eat refined sugar, seasoning to do with xylitol is a good choice. But the need to note that, like xylitol and glucose, of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen composition of three substances in the body release heat after oxidation. Early in the metabolism of xylitol, may not need insulin to participate, but later in the metabolism, you need insulin to promote.

After the consumption of xylitol on the normal blood sugar range and speed than glucose and sucrose, but once the intake of more diabetic patients will have side effects, resulting in elevated blood triglycerides, causing coronary sclerosis, diabetic patients should not be so much food xylitol. Particularly those with insulin-induced hypoglycemia by the people, xylitol is disabled.