How to arrange meals diabetic patients

Diabetes diet therapy is one of the basic treatment measures, which help patients restore and maintain normal blood sugar, blood lipid levels and achieve the ideal body weight, reduce obesity and a variety of complications and development. Drugs only in conjunction with diet can play good hypoglycemic effect. Either type of diabetes patients, regardless of severity, whether or not drugs, must adhere to diets.

How to arrange food science, is that all diabetic patients must face the reality. Many diabetic patients that did not dare eat, that's taboos, severe partial eclipse; or the diet simple as "eat less food, eat sweets," is not the case.

Diabetes diet principle should be the premise of restricting calories to maintain nutritional balance. First, based on the patient's standard body weight, body shape and intensity to determine the total daily calorie requirements; Secondly, according to the principle of balanced diet, reasonable arrangements for the proportion of various nutrients, carbohydrates 50% of total calories to 60% 20% of the total fat calories to 25%, protein 15% of total calories to 20%. 1 gram of sugar or protein produced 16.74 kJ (4 kcal) heat 1 gram of fat produces 37.68 kJ (9 kcal) energy, thus can calculate the required quality of the three major nutrients. Specific methods are as follows:

Standard body weight

Standard weight (kg) = height (cm) -105. Actual body weight exceeds the standard weight of 20% were obese, less than 20% of weight loss.

Calculation of total daily calories

The total daily calories required = standard weight (kg) × 30 (Note: The obesity × 25, weight loss by × 35).

Daily volume of the three major nutrients required for Carbohydrate (g) = (total calories × 60%) ÷ 4; protein (g) = (total calories × 15%) ÷ 4 or 1 g per kg standard body weight (except kidney); fat (g) = (total heat × 25%) ÷ 9.

Types of food each day should include cereals, fruits and vegetables, meat and beans or milk. General staple can be relatively fixed, except heavy manual workers, the daily intake of 200 to 250 g female, male intake of 300 to 350 grams of staple food is appropriate. Non-staple food in meat, eggs, dairy can exchange, 50 grams of meat (or fish, shrimp) = 1 egg = 125 grams of milk a day, change patterns and tastes mostly of this type of food. The total (thermal) volume control, balanced diet under the premise of personal eating habits flexible recipes, cooking with light as well, to steaming, boiling, stewing, thick, cold and other cooking methods, small fry, fried method. Simply is: staple food limited, frequent meals, much dirty near prime, smoking cessation Jijiu, eat sweets, eat fruit.

Some patients worry about eating food (mainly carbohydrates) cause blood sugar, therefore, the staple food to eat very little, often in semi-starvation, this approach will not only cause low blood sugar and blood sugar fluctuations, and will cause decomposition of body fat increases lead to "starvation of ketosis", which, like ketosis and diabetes high blood sugar, is the body's critical condition, would cause great damage to the human body. And the long run, can also cause anemia, malnutrition and low immunity.

Also some patients that eat the staple food, calories by eating less on non-staple food (such as meat, eggs and peanuts, walnuts and other nuts) to supplement, as these non-staple food is mainly composed of fat and protein, while protein and fat in the body can also be converted into blood sugar, especially fat, heat production is more than twice the carbohydrates, eat more of these things, not only patients, and fat, can lead to hyperlipidemia, accelerated atherosclerosis, so that the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases the slightest opportunity.
Relatively low calories pumpkin can be used as food for patients with diabetes, but eating melon 500 Kernan 50 grams of staple food should be reduced. Spread in society, "eat pumpkin lowering blood sugar, eat can cure diabetes," the statement is wrong.

Commercially available "sugar free" foods, generally refers to those foods do not add sugar, but added sweeteners (aspartame, stevia glycosides, xylitol, etc.) made. These "sugar free" food itself is the food done, it will also generate heat, eat the same will increase blood sugar, therefore, can not think sugar-free food you can eat unlimited.

Although diabetes can not be the same as ordinary people freely eat the fruit, but not point can not eat. In patients with stable glycemic control was good, may be appropriate to eat a low sugar fruits (such as watermelon, apples, pears, oranges, strawberries, etc.), but must be limited, eat a can of food to exchange copies of , Watermelon 500 grams, 200 grams of grape, medium size apple (or pear, peach) 1 the equivalent of a food exchange copies of about 25 grams of sugar provided the staple food. Fruit should be counted in the total calories, for example, eating about 200 grams of oranges or apples need less 25 grams of staple food, and Do not eat a meal, but as snacks between meals or at bedtime eat, this arrangement is reasonable.

Liquor calories high, try not to drink or less to drink. For drinking, should choose a low degree of alcohol liquor, drinking when calculating calories, less staple food, beer, 200 ml of 12 degrees, red 100 ml, 30 ml white wine 20 to 25 grams of staple food is equivalent to the heat generated.

Do not restrict water, otherwise it will cause the blood concentration, thrombosis, water and electrolyte metabolism, metabolite excretion and other barriers to undesirable consequences, in order to "thirsty to drink."

Glycemic index is a measure of various types of food may have little impact on blood sugar targets, its high and low with a variety of food digestion, absorption and metabolic status. Faster digestion and absorption, metabolism may slow the high glycemic index food. For example, oats, naked oats and other coarse grains are rich in dietary fiber than the glutinous rice, rice and flour are lower glycemic index, so the staple food of diabetic patients can be more use of coarse grains such as whole wheat bread, cereals, on the one hand increase the satiating sense, can also slow the rise of postprandial blood glucose and, of course, can not eat flour and rice is not as long as the heat is not excessive on the line. Patient, Eat small meals, eat several meals a day, every meal eat less, this will help reduce postprandial hyperglycemia.

Diabetes is a lifelong disease, treatment must be reasonable diet year round, not free to exchange or suspended, in order to stabilize blood sugar, slow down and prevent the occurrence of chronic complications and development of quality of life.